Editorials By Melnyk Summary

Evidence-based practice is extremely important in health care. It is not only important to know how to perform a certain skill, but why it should be done. There needs to be a standard of care and providers need to know the best way of doing things based on evidence. The article mentions that in the 20th century, many medial decisions were made on doctor assessment and preference (Brower, 2017). Many physicians were practicing dramatically different when compared with one another, which led to the realization that changes needed to be made and Evidence-based practice began to develop. Even though Evidence-based practices have been in play for a while, there is a gap between understanding and applying evidence-based

Evidence-based practice is the practice of making clinical decisions based off the best available research evidence coupled with the nurse’s own expertise, while also taking into account, the patient’s assessments and own personal preferences. This use of research has proven effective at providing better outcomes and lower healthcare costs, yet there are several barriers, such as time, education, and support, which prevent nurses from consistently using evidence-based practice (AJN, 2012). The top three barriers to the use of evidence-based practice are lack of time, education, and support in implementing new practices and using them consistently.

Define evidence based practice and discuss the possible facilitators and barriers for Sam to utilise the best research evidence in clinical practice.

To enable them to do this they need to understand recent research, always weighing up the evidence to their own knowledge base, and expertise. Scientific research enables an approach, to evolving knowledge and practice, and in this way, one can test out their beliefs to either prove or, alternatively, to attempt to disprove them. Another name for critical practice is ‘evidence based practice’. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an interdisciplinary approach to clinical practice. Its basic principles are, that all practical decisions made, should be based on research studies, and that these research studies, are selected and interpreted, according to some specific norms characteristics for EBP (Birger, 2011). Using EBP gives practitioners the reassurance that they are giving the patient the correct treatment, and not just giving them what they believe is correct, whilst using their own current knowledge only. Practitioners make decisions every day, and for some, these decisions can be life threatening. This enables the practitioner to know, that what they are doing is the right thing to do. Marsh et al. (2005) argues that all practitioners’ actions and their final decision on medication and/or treatment should come from research and proven theory. They tell us, that the better a practitioner is informed; the better it is for those, who find themselves in a highly disadvantaged state i.e., someone who has been diagnosed with a life threatening

Research is how new knowledge is generated or how existing knowledge is validated based on theory (Conner, 2014). It identifies facts and trends. Identification is important but without the information being analyzed and put into a usable context it cannot be used. This is where evidence-based practice comes in. It collects and analyzes research that was performed, and combines it with a clinician’s personal experience along

IMPLEMENTATION  Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) is regarded as core competence to improve healthcare quality.  Implementation of EBP mainly involves four sequential steps : first, framing a clear question based on a clinical problem; second, searching for relevant evidence in the literature; third, critically appraising the validity of contemporary research; and fourth, applying the findings to clinical decision-making.  Numerous studies have investigated the perceptions of EBP among a variety of healthcare-related professional groups .  Overall, most healthcare professionals hold positive attitudes toward EBP but lack sufficient knowledge and skills for implementation.

Donze, A., & Broede, J. (2010, June). The Role of Qualitative Research in Evidence-Based Practice. Retrieved October 14, 2016, from

Satterfield, J. M., Spring, B., Brownson, R. C., Mullen, E. J., Newhouse, R. P., Walker, B. B., & Whitlock, E. P. (2009). Toward a transdisciplinary model of evidence-based practice. The Milbank Quarterly, 87(2), 368–390.

Evidence-based practices (EBP) develop from the combination of excellent research evidence with the needs of the patient and clinical knowledge or skills. EBP promotes health care that enhances the quality, values, and reliability of patient care, improving health outcomes, and reducing costs, and disparity in patient care (Burn, Grove, 2009). When EBP is delivered, the best clinical decisions are made and the results are positive patient outcomes (Makic, Martin, Burns, Philbrick, & Rauen, 2013).

In clinical practice, there is lack of use of evidence-based practice which is commonly referred to as EBP. The concept of evidence-based practice is that all decisions that are made regarding patient care should be made based on research studies that have been conducted and that these research studies that are selected and interpreted should be according to certain norms of the evidence-based practice. These norms include the disregarding of qualitative and theoretical studies. Therefore, quantitative studies are used in accordance to a narrow set of criteria of what exactly counts to be termed as evidence ADDIN EN.CITE Reichow2010595(Reichow et al., 2010)5955956Reichow, B.Volkmar, F.R.Doehring, P.Cicchetti, D.V.Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism2010Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer9781441969736http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=znCCkL6XvFAC( HYPERLINK l "_ENREF_7" o "Reichow, 2010 #595" Reichow et al., 2010). This narrow set of criteria is important in making sure that evidence-based practice achieves its desired effects and is not just a broad practice based on all the available research which is referred to as research-based practice. It must be a practice based on concrete evidence from research studies thus the need for these narrow criteria ADDIN EN.CITE Sackett19961107(Sackett et al., 1996)1107110717David L SackettWilliam M C RosenbergJ A Muir GrayR Brian HaynesW Scott

Evidence based practice is defined as the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about patient care. (Melnyk, 2016) One of its main features is the reliance on the partnership among hard scientific evidence, clinical expertise, and individual patient needs and choices. EBP looks at research findings, quality improvement data and other forms of evaluation data, and expert opinion to identify methods of improvement. Evidence based practice challenges nurses to look at the “why” behind existing methods and processes in the search for improvement. EBP and research based practice have often been confused with one another. Research is generating new knowledge about a phenomenon or validation existing knowledge. “Although evidence-based practice may have opinion-expert opinion, but opinion still-woven in, research is built in such a way avoid bias.” (Melnyk, 2016) Evidence-based practice improves healthcare quality and patient outcomes while reducing costs.

Since the 1970’s the term evidence-based health care has progressively been used more, the expansion of evidence-based health care has risen with the development of being able to access a range of information. Other factors that have contributed to the use of evidence based health care include; changing of public expectations, political consensus, cost pressures and professional accountability (Hamer Collinsons 2005, cited by Cutcliffe W. & J. Ward M, 2004).

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a process that involves the conscientious and explicit use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients (Sackett, Rosenberg, Gray, Hyaness, & Richardson, 1996) and in different professional settings, EBP denotes different meanings (Eddy, 2005). Evidence-based practice in psychology (EBPP) recognizes not only the research but also the clinician’s expertise and the patient’s preferences, values, and culture is important to the future of the profession and quality patient care (Levant & Hasan, 2008). Psychologists need a structure and techniques for finding solutions to many questions that may arise in practice. Hence, EBPP proposes a specific method, and develop specialized

It is important to consider the necessity of mentors in enhancing my knowledge and skills about evidence-based practice (EBP). According to Mazurek, Stillwell, and Williamson (2010), these mentors may include clinical nurse specialists or advanced practice clinicians because of their evident knowledge in EBP and credibility when it comes to teaching this type of subject.

There are many ways to define evidence-based practice (EBP). In the most common sense of the term, it combines clinical expertise with external scientific evidence that helps make the best decisions about the patient's care in accordance with the patients’ needs and preferences. Evidence-based treatments require expertise, clinical judgment, and skill from practitioners (Brown, 2013, para.14). Frequently, these treatments include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), compassion-focused therapy (CFT), and imago relationship therapy (“Evidence-based Therapies,” 2017, n.p.). Different