Literature Review
Description of Obesity Problem
Childhood obesity is an increasing problem here in the United States. According to Schuab and Marian (2011) “Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions” (P.553). The prevalence of child obesity and overweight has increased over the last 30 years all over the United States, becoming one of the biggest public health challenges (Moreno, Johnson-Shelton, & Boles, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to give a background of the obesity epidemic, a review of current policy, and make a policy recommendation.
According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) about “17% (or 12.5 million) of children and adolescents aged 2-19 years are obese” (Moreno et al., 2013 P.157). “Surveys
…show more content…
According to Cummings, Welch, Mason, Burbage, Kwon, and Kuo (2014) the food environment is the most important factor in combating childhood obesity. For children and adolescents the school nutrition programs are major parts of the food environment (Cummings et al., n.d.). “Adequate energy and nutrients are required for young children’s growth and development, but excess energy over the long term can lead to overweight and obesity” (Briefel et al., 2013 P.269). There are many different factors that contribute to the continuing growth of childhood obesity.
Problems Associated with Obesity Obesity contributes to the onset of multiple health problems. According to Eagle et al. obese students struggle more with “unfavorable physiological markers of lipid profile, blood pressure, fitness, and blood sugar” (Eagle et al., 2010 P.1188). Childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity are associated with many serious health conditions hypertensions, type-two diabetes, fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, asthma, sleep apnea, and certain types of cancer. There are also many psychological problems for children and adolescents suffering from obesity including, depression, lower self-esteem, and behavioral problems (Moreno et al., 2013). Obesity has many serious health affects that need
Childhood obesity has become an epidemic in the United States in the past three decades. In 2012, roughly 17% or 12.5 million children and adolescents are overweight or obese” (“Childhood Obesity Facts,” 2014). According to the Centers of Disease Control and
Childhood obesity has increased dramatically over the last three decades, and conditions in many communities continue to act as barriers to healthy eating and adequate physical activity. Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and potentially long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. Perhaps most shocking, life expectancy for today’s children may be shortened in the United States because of the impact of childhood obesity (Olshansky and Ludwig, 2005).
Childhood obesity is a huge problem facing America today. It’s like an epidemic, spreading across America at alarming rates. Just in the past 30 years, childhood obesity rates have more than doubled among children and quadrupled among adolescents. Today, it has been estimated that one in every six children or adolescents is obese ("Childhood Obesity Facts”). And if things don’t change soon, those numbers will just keep rising. This isn’t a problem that we can leave up to children to deal with themselves. Parents and adults need to take responsibilities for children’s health and futures. Children or adolescents who have a body mass index of over 30 are considered to be obese. Too much body fat can lead to many negative
Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are considered obese (Healthy People 2020, 2016).
Since 1980 the rates of child obesity have more than tripled which has caused a growing pandemic of childhood obesity in the United States. Out of all the young children and adolescents within the age group of two through nineteen about 12.7 million are obese. That is the equivalent of about 17% of America’s population that is suffering from childhood obesity. Childhood obesity is too prevalent in all American households. Childhood obesity is detrimental on a national scale, since it has been growing at a steady rate in the United States of children not reaching the daily-recommended physical activity, the absence of a balanced diet with overconsumption of eating, and more critically the increase of type 2 diabetes.
In the recent decades, obesity has grown into a major health issue in the United States. Obesity in the United States has become the country with the highest rate of obesity in the world. Obesity seems not to be only found in adults anymore, appears to be found among children and it’s a serious life threatening. Childhood obesity turned into a medical situation that children are destined to suffer from psychological, health problems and health care cost that affect children’s.
Childhood obesity in America has been a big topic in the last decade. Within the United States and the high drive society we have, more people every year are eating improperly. The improper diet we are feeding our children is slowly killing them. Chicken, broccoli, and carrots are getting substituted for McDonalds and Burger King. The numbers do not lie every year more and more children are becoming obese, big question is why? How can we combat this epidemic? And how can we reverse these trends? Obesity leads to many problems including diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, coronary vascular disease, heart attack, stroke, and even some cancers. This is why through statistical analysis, proper diet, and proper exercise we can combat this slippery slope that is slowly killing our children, obesity.
Childhood obesity in the United States has reached an alarming prevalence, this serious epidemic, which directly correlates to several health concerns. The future lies in the hands of today’s children and the first priority ought to be the empowering America's youth. Research is centered on treatment, however the point of convergence ought to be counteractive action. Two-thirds of Americans are obese or overweight, not to mention that the number of obese adults has double within the last thirty years. Furthermore, twenty five million children in the United States are currently obese or overweight. These children are at an increased risk for diseases, which incorporate diabetes, hypertension and heart disease, just to give some examples. It
Childhood obesity is a source of great debate in the United States. Many studies have shown the problem has become epidemic. Adults in the United States are increasing in weight and so are children and teenagers. Many factors are contributing to this growing problem. The influence parents have on their children can affect them negatively. Children of overweight parents are more likely to be overweight themselves. Another issue adding to the childhood obesity problem is the fact that children and teens have more options when it comes to food choices. School lunches, vending machines, and cheap calorie-packed snacks all contribute to this issue. Healthy foods are also more expensive and not as readily available as
This incline has numerous negative effects on the young population of this country. The effects of childhood obesity can be both physical and psychosocial. Many different disorders, diseases and health problems occur in the form of “side effects” to obesity. A major concern outside of physical health is the self-perception problem that is likely occur with children and adolescents that are obese. (Moreno, Johnson-Shelton, & Boles, 2013).
Childhood obesity has now reached an epidemic in several parts of the United States. As a result, children now have a higher risk to have numerous chronic and acute medical problems. Several of the long-lasting medical problems a child might face as a result of obesity could eventually result in death. In addition to chronic medical problems, childhood obesity has severe psychosocial effects on an individual such as low self-esteem and depression. Childhood obesity is a serious problem that is caused by a numerous amount of factors that can eventually lead to severe health complications.
Childhood obesity is one of the major public health challenges of the 21st century. The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally. In 2013, the number of overweight children under the age of five was estimated over 42 million. Childhood obesity can cause premature death and disability in adulthood. Overweight and obese children will grow up to become obese adults and are more likely to develop diseases like cardiovascular diseases and diabetes at a younger age. Many factors can contribute overweight and obesity in children, however a global shift in dietary habits and lack of physical activity play a crucial role. Overweight and obesity are preventable. Unlike adults, children cannot select the environment they live or the food they eat, they are unware about the long term health consequences of their behavior. Therefore, it is important to have strict policies for the prevention of obesity epidemic. School play an important role in fighting against the epidemic of childhood obesity (World Health Organization, 2016). Even after the legislature has enacted laws to support school nutrition and physical education, many states including, Texas has not yet adopted these policies. It is important to have these policies in practice to prevent childhood obesity (National Conference of State Legislatures, 2014). Government play an important role in making sustainable changes in public health. For that reason, the author is intended to
Childhood obesity has become a major challenge for public health in the 21st century. Since the 1970s, obesity in teens have triple and today, the country lead the nation with one out of six children being obese. Obesity is a major contributor to chronic diseases such as heart disease and Type 2 diabetes (Frieden, Dietz, and Collins, 2015). According to one study, 70 percent of obese youth have at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor and 40 percent have two or more (Frieden, Dietz, and Collins, 2015).
Since the 1980s, childhood obesity rates have been increasing, not only in the United States, but worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) believes that the occurrence of childhood obesity has reached “epidemic levels” (Cowie 18). These increases have even been present
Childhood obesity has become an epidemic and a concern to parents and doctors, there are many factors to obesity and many of these factors can be changed through diet and lifestyle