Figure 1 is a line graph that indicates the means of change in body mass across the three groups. Observably, the mean change in body mass is highest in the large amount and high intensity exercise group while low amount and mild intensity exercise group has the least amount of change in body mass. Figure 2: Bar chart for mean change in body mass by the sex of the participant.
For the covariate (sex of the participant), females had the largest change in body mass as compare to their male counterparts as visually illustrated by the figure 2 above.
Table 2
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects-Change in body mass (Kgs)
Source Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Partial Eta Squared
Corrected Model 166.218a 3 55.406 16.261 .000 .466
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Error 95% Confidence Interval Lower Bound Upper Bound high intensity 6.939a .413 6.111 7.767 moderate intensity 4.019a .413 3.191 4.847 low intensity 3.237a .416 2.404 4.070
a. Covariates appearing in the model are evaluated at the following values: sex of the participant = .4000.
The Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was used to test the pairwise differences of the adjusted means and the results were obtained as indicated in table 4 below.
Table 4
Pairwise Comparisons
(I) Treatment level (J) Treatment level Mean Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig.b 95% Confidence Interval for Differenceb Lower Bound Upper Bound high intensity moderate intensity 2.920* .584 .000 1.479 4.361 low intensity 3.702* .588 .000 2.250
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The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.
From table 4 above the large amount and high intensity exercise group had a significant mean difference of change in body mass with the low amount and high intensity exercise groups as well as with low amount and mild intensity exercise group at the 0.05 level of significance. There was no significant difference of the change in body mass between low amount and high intensity exercise group and the low amount and mild intensity exercise group. In summary, the when adjusted for sex the large amount and high intensity exercise level is effective in reducing the body weight for those aged between 41-65 years. References
Boutcher, S. H. (2011). High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss. Journal of Obesity, 2011, 1-10. doi:10.1155/2011/868305
Chaput, J., Klingenberg, L., Rosenkilde, M., Gilbert, J., Tremblay, A., & Sjödin, A. (2011). Physical Activity Plays an Important Role in Body Weight Regulation. Journal of
We can also test if there is a significant difference between the average height for females and the average height for the males.
Brooks GA, Fahey TD, Baldwin KM (2005). Exercise Physiology: Human Bioenergetics and Its Application. 4th Edition
1. Dependent Variable HR, SV, BP 2. Independent Variable level of activity 3. Controlled Variables age, gender
gender of the individual. A 160lb man would have to consume more (double the number) drinks
The t value for the physical component score implies that men and women post MI had different
The purpose of this lab was to see if following the HHS (Health and Human Services) (Morgan P.11) suggested diet would be healthier or a person which follows their own diet. This was measured by the Fitness index. The results in average of the Fitness Index in Table 1.3 (P. 15) showed that the Athletic got a fitness index of 72.3 and the Sedentary got a Fitness Index of 70.6. In Table 1.1 (p.13) it shows that a high average is around 65 FI to 79 FI. The average are fairly close to each other which is shown in Table 1.6 (p.19) this is a bar graph of the averages. These results came from the different groups doing the following the same procedure. Some trends that were noted in the average was that many people got a higher index in sedentary
2. Men had higher variability in weight change over the last 12 months when compared to women. Is this
Additionally, this study does not include a justification for why this particular analytic method was used and there was no control on confounding variables. It is important to include confounding factors and how they were controlled because this can lead to bias and incorrect results.Type I and II occurs when there is a null hypothesis. There was no mention of a null hypothesis and no mention of avoidance or minimizing Type I and II
I elaborated two tables based on the subjects who do exercise constantly and the subjects who don’t, I present those tables in table 1 (athletic people) and table 2 (people who doesn’t do exercise constantly)
adult population, and sarcopenia is directly related to this as with muscle mass loss comes a
D) Immediately when you view the statistical results from the calculations on the spreadsheet you can see that there is a strong relationship between BMI and percent body fat measured using BIA. This was shown by the correlation value-r- of 0.64 when p=0.001. Based off these numbers, it displays that there is a strong relationship and a statistically significant relationship. These statistics show us that the direction of the r-value is positive with a strong relationship and the p-value is significant. This shows us that by using a small age bracket- 18 through 24-, sex, height and weight that the relation between all the participants is significant.
They performed two-way ANOVA and post hoc Student’s t-tests. They compared between subject with sex and age, as well as the “effects of age within each sex and sex within each age.”
The first variable to be collected is the Body Mass Index (BMI). Data will be collected
An ANOVA table with pictorial representation of the mean and their range is shown in figure. The symbols used are standard symbols from an ANOVA table.
Contrary to our findings, this study’s analysis provided evidence for sex differences that could contributions to an energy balance, patterns of EI and weight changes. However, this study has used different methodologies and subject group to carry out their investigation which may have led to this variance in results.