Artificial Intelligence And Alan Turing

Robotics can be virtual and/or mechanical objects that we use in everyday activities. Even though robots have been around since 1960’s. In the healthcare field we have become more dependent upon them since the 1980 's. Robots have been used to assist people in varies everyday task in laboratories and operating rooms. Some examples their usage are intervention with giving medication, assisting kids with autism, transferring and lifting patients. Although robots have made some of the healthcare fields task easier there can be questions with such technology which can impact ethical policy and non-human touch.

When someone brings up the term “artificial intelligence”, a variety of connotations tend to arise, connotations that often are unfair or unrepresentative of the true real-world applications of such a term. Due to the incidentally fear-mongering nature of the media, artificial intelligence can refer to something as basic as a robotic arm in a factory, as well as the implied extinction and/or enslavement of the human race as caused by robo-revolution. As of today, however, when applied in the world of modern technology, artificial intelligence is defined as any innovation that performs a task usually completed by humans. Of course, with this definition, artificial intelligence holds the potential for both societal harm and benefit, and its fate

Alan Turing was a world famous mathematician and educator who is known for helping crack the “Enigma Code” and his work with computers and artificial intelligence. Alan Turing was born on the 23rd of June, 1912, in Maida Vale, London, England. Starting at a very young age, Alan Turing showed huge signs of intelligence. Although many of his teachers recognized his intellect, it didn’t mean that they necessarily respected the young man.

Society today is greatly influenced by technology and the impact it has had within the past 20 years. One of the largest breakthroughs, though, is Artificial Intelligence (A.I.). The technology associated with A.I. has greatly developed in the past years, and is only making devices smarter. When someone mentions technology, or even the technological breakthroughs the world has gone through recently, many people go straight to smartphones and computers. A.I. is often overlooked, or put into a general category of "technology". Yet, artificial intelligence is something that should we not be so quick to dismiss, and should be something that gets people talking and even excited for what the future holds.

In 1936 Alan Turing, an English mathematical and a logician created the “Turing machine” (Copeland, 2000) which was originally created for the purpose a mathematical tool, it represented a computing device that contained a read/write head or a scanner with a paper tape passing through it. This machine could

The medical industry has made a lot of progress in the 21st century with robots. The CT scanner, the Aethon TUG, Bestic and Cosmobot to entertain children just to name a few. All of these robots have boosted the amount of time a doctor can spend with its patients by over 35%.

Artificial intelligence is the development of a computer system that is able to perform tasks of human intelligence like visual perception, speech recognition, and decision-making. Computer scientists have made a substantial advancement in the

Within the medical profession there, are many areas where the desired equipment can be used in many different ways. Amputees can use mechanical prosthetics. Nurses have explored the idea of using robots to increase the quality of care that is given to different types of patients whether they are critical or present a bio hazard of some sort. The physicians are more of a special case given that their usage of these robotics deals with extensive research and re-education. This creates a whole new market where only the most qualified of physicians can truly begin to make their mark with a more advanced skill set that can only cause a higher demand.

World War II was a time of many technological advancements in the world. Among these advancements was the creation of the atomic bomb and semi-automatic rifle. Yet arguably the most important advancement was the Enigma, a cipher machine used by the Germans. A cipher is a way of encrypting messages, which is especially important in war. Enigma gave Germans’ confidence in the secrecy of their messages and plans, so they sent all of their messages using Enigma. This machine made German messages seem seemingly unbreakable, yet that was not the case. It took many years and the work of many different countries and people to create another machine able to break the code. Despite Enigma being unbreakable for many years and a great

As we all know that the use of robotics has been considered as one of the major revolution in the health care industry and it has been used for wide range of health care facilities all over the gloabe. Robots are used in many applications ranging from manufacturing of drugs, dispensing of the drugs and medicines to the patients in the hospitals and also for monitoring of the important vital statistics of the patients. Now a days,

Today, robots are utilized to execute highly specific, precise, and dangerous tasks in industry and research previously not possible with a human work force. We depend on robots to build our cars, land our planes, and operate at a level of precision and accuracy with dedicated motions scalable in speed and force unreachable for human beings. Oxford Dictionaries define robots as “A machine capable of automatically carrying out a complex series of movements, especially one which is programmable.” The use of robots to assist in performing surgical procedures has been developed over the past 20 years, and current robotic systems are quickly being introduced to the

Defining intelligence is extremely difficult and researchers now think that there are lots of different aspects to it, including; social, logical, creative, emotional and practical intelligence. The correct representation of the word is arguably a matter of opinion as there are many different definitions. With this argument in mind, it makes the task of arguing a Computers level of intelligence (if any) harder as, ultimately, each person’s definition could be different. A part of being intelligent is the ability for something/someone to be able to think for themselves which most computers aren’t able to do as they are simply programmed to perform certain functions which means that they are not in control of their response. However modern technologies have the propensity to make decisions based on an input from an end user. For example Apples ‘Siri’ service turns voice commands in visual and audio responses.

In his paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” Alan Turing sets out to answer the question of whether machines can think in the same humans can by conceptualizing the question in concrete terms. In simple terms, Turing redefines the question by posing whether a machine can replicate the cognition of a human being. Yet, some may object to the notion that Turing’s new question effectively captures the nature of machines’ capacity for thought or consciousness, such as John Searle. In his Chinese room thought experiment, Searle outlines a scenario that implies machines’ apparent replication of human cognition does not yield conscious understanding. While Searle’s Chinese thought experiment demonstrates how a Turing test is not sufficient to establish that a machine can possess consciousness or thought, this argument does not prove that machines are absolutely incapable of consciousness or thought. Rather, given the ongoing uncertainty of the debate regarding the intelligence of machines, there can be no means to confirm or disconfirm the conscious experience of machines as well as the consciousness of humans by extension of that principle.

What usually comes to mind when one hears the term “robotic surgery”? There are not live robots who operate on a patient. In actuality, the robots do not think by themselves, as they are completely controlled by the surgeon (Herron). These da Vinci Surgical System is starting to become more common in the United States, as it is the only robotic system that has clearance from the Food and Drug Administration (Bush et al. 2). At this modern age, computer-assisted robotic surgery must be used to enhance the overall well- being of the patients and the productivity of a hospital using the capabilities of the da Vinci Surgical System.

In fact, weapons platforms already have the ability to fire autonomously, and the results have not always been positive. Boeing has developed an unmanned air combat system that currently has the ability to fly autonomously and carries a payload of smart bombs (Boeing, 2009). Major efforts also are being utilized to enabling robots to learn from experience, raising the question of whether we can predict with reasonable certainty what the robot will learn. Robots are also being deployed in the medical field. The speed, diligence, efficiency and precision that robots can achieve make them very useful tools for surgery.