Ancient Civilizations Of Mesopotamia And Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia was the foundation of western civilization. This was around 3500 BC when cities started evolving in world history. It was also known as the “land between the rivers.” The first city-states developed in southern Mesopotamia by the Sumerian citizens around 4000 BC. The history begins at Sumer; this society brings many things to the table for a starting civilization. In 3500 BC the Sumerian people learned their own writing system. They would write on cuneiforms, clay blocks which were easy to be transported but they were very fragile. The Sumerian people had an independent government which was ruled by a king, Sargon. The cities as well as

Think for a second about a world without civilization, without laws. I bet you don't know who developed civilization! The Mesopotamians did, they also created lots of amazing inventions! Some of these civilizations also developed in China and Egypt. Ancient Mesopotamia. Two contributions from the Mesopotamian Civilization were the invitation of the cuneiform and Hammurabi’s Code.

Sometimes in our generation, people take for granted the things the originally invented by ancient civilizations. Somewhere around 3500 B.C. in southwest Asia the first of the River Valley Civilizations were born. The ancient River Valley Civilizations of Egypt, China, and Mesopotamia all made key contributions to future societies. (OI) Two contributions from each of the Mesopotamian Civilizations that influenced future civilizations.

The ancient lands of Mesopotamia are unknown territory for many people. It is one of the earliest civilizations in the world. The first great civilization, located between Tigris and Euphrates rivers, was developed in 3500 BC. Word “Mesopotamia” is derived from two Greek words meaning ‘land between two rivers’. The region is a vast, dry plain through which two great rivers flow. People of Mesopotamia were ‘Sumerians’. Tigris and Euphrates created fertile river basins for the region. World’s first cities grew up in Mesopotamia. The people of Mesopotamia were among the first to use the written words and a language of their own. Mesopotamia is known as the “cradle of civilization”. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers provided rich fruitful soil and

The Sumerians created a system of writing to record business transactions and history. They called it “clay tablet”. They also invented the wheel and the plow which helped them to harvest some of their goods. Sumerians created the ziggurats, which were

The four empires of mesopotamia all had a bright future but could not all reign at the same time, so war came upon them and destroyed what they built. All of the civilizations that lived in mesopotamia rose and fell like the flaming sun.

As you will journey through a time which two of the greatest civilizations that thrived in both similar and different ways. Although the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia had many similar and handful of differences characteristics due to their individual geographies, both have there own cteristics towards their way of religion and economy, The civilization of Mesopotamia created by people called Sumerians have chosen the land “Between Rivers” Tigris and Euphrates (pg.9) to flourish a civilization. In the blazing hot desert of Egypt you would not think civilization would flourish like the “Fertile Crescent” (pg.10) of Mesopotamia, but the “Gift of the Nile”(pg.14) begins in the heart of Africa and crossing northward flourishing civilization by its sides. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt have agricultural And trades oversea or land. One thing that these two civilizations had in common was the leaders calling themselves being a divine being and that they were the chosen one, as for the Egyptian pharaoh was the almighty “Son of Re” and Mesopotamian kings where the “Son of Anu” god of the sky. Both civilizations were polytheistic, belief in many gods.

The most significant part in the evolution of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia was geography, permitting the civilizations to thrive along the Tigris, Euphrates, and Nile rivers. The construction of ancient civilizations along the river valleys enabled them to grow through trade along the river. Growth in population generated a significant need for agriculture and the inhabitants of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia looked to the gods to obtain these necessities. Access to neighboring civilizations through river trade served to cultural advancements in each society. Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia each had similarities in how their civilizations grew by the geography of their

Writing positively affected Mesopotamian civilizations by creating organized societies. An example of this is in Article One. It states, “…making to-do lists…” Instead of the Mesopotamians trying to remember what they needed to do, they organized their time by making to-do lists. Another example on how writing made organized societies is located in Article One, it states “…keep (kept) track of the inflow and outflow of the city’s grain and animal stores…” By keeping track of the inflows and outflows of the grain and animal stores, the Mesopotamians could quickly check what the inflows and outflows were. They would also spend less time on keeping track of the inflows and outflows if they had it written down on paper. Lastly, according to Article

Mesopotamia, or “land between the rivers” as the name translates to in Greek, is exactly as it states; in the region of southwestern Asia, the land itself is named for it 's initial position between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. However, Mesopotamia can be defined as having a reach into what is now Syria, Turkey and most of Iraq (History of Mesopotamia, 2016). This ancient civilization houses one of the earliest cities throughout human history, appearing around 3500 BC, though human settlement looks to have arrived some time before. From the many achievements that stemmed from this great society, a number of conflicts and significant warfare follow suit as this ancient culture would eventually fade and fall among the ranks as a historical mark in the ongoing timeline of humanity.

The rulers of the Sumerian people wanted to create a fair and steady society that was rich in modern culture. Gilgamesh, who ruled around 2700 BCE at Ur, is the most inspirational king of the Sumerian people. Ur was one of the thirty or more cities of Sumer. He was very heroic and his adventures were later put into a poem called The Epic of Gilgamesh. Urukagina was the leader that followed Gilgamesh. Reforming law codes and revitalizing the economy was the things that Urukagina was known for during his rule of Sumer. The Sumerian people were successful, but the successors of Urukagina were unable to maintain the power for the Sumerian people. This caused the Sumerian people to become easy prey to the Akkadian people of northern Mesopotamia (Matthews, Nobel, & Platt, 2014).

Within it lies the Tigris and the Euphrates river which were Mesopotamia’s main rivers. They flow south eastward towards the Persian Gulf They often flooded unpredictably once an year. After every flood, a thick layer of silt was left, just like the Nile, which made irrigation easier and a surplus of grain at harvest time. All this rich soil attracted a ton of people who then settled and called themselves Sumerians. They soon learned that there were many droughts which made farming very difficult for the Sumerians. In order to overcome this, they innovated and dug irrigation ditches which were then filled with water that was transported back to their field. Unlike in Egypt, Mesopotamia did not have any natural barriers making invasion effortless. In order to create barriers to protect their territory, the Sumerians built city walls with mud bricks. Meanwhile, building materials and other necessities were

Introduction Civilizations are large complex societies based on the domestication of plants, animals, and humans (Brown, n.d.). Many civilizations have existed throughout the history of our world. Perhaps none have been as mysterious as the civilizations from Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Egyptians and Sumerians were both complex societies that established religion, political structure, social structure, and military forces. While Ancient Egypt and Sumerian civilizations shared many similarities, the differences were just as numerous.

The early civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt were two of the first civilizations in the world. There were many similarities and differences in their geography, political structures, and culture, but the religions were what caught my interest.

Through the archeological discoveries, we can infer some details into the lives of the people who originated in the cities of Mesopotamia. The root word of Mesopotamia refers to ‘between rivers’, this infers to the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, figure 1. Because the environment influenced people to settle, we can see a change in their political, social, and economic structure as they begin to form a complex society. This is the period where we see a complex engineering system as people started to develop canals and other technologies for a more efficient agricultural development. An early culture to settle in the lowlands of Mesopotamia were the Hassuna culture, their civilization were characterized by “small settlements with a few hundred inhabitants, who lived in rectangular houses with several rooms” (Feuerbach, 2015). Another culture to settle in this area were the Samarran culture; even