A Summary Of The Shoshone Indian Journey

The American Indian Movement is an organization in the United States that attempts to bring attention to the injustice and unfair treatment of American Indians. Aside from that, the AIM works for better protection and care for the American Indians and their families. They have been changing the American perception of Indians since the late 1960’s, as well as aiding our awareness of their existence.

What molds a nation or group of people? As a member of the Navajo Nation, I’ve wondered how our history has impacted our nation. This research paper is a reflection of my curiosity. Throughout this paper I will explain how The Navajo Long Walk and The 1868 Treaty of Bosque Redondo contributed in shaping what the Navajo Nation today. During the mid 19th century tensions with the Navajo, U.S. government, and white settlers were tense. The third wave of the Navajo Wars would ultimately lead to the U.S. government’s decision to create a campaign against the Navajo and thus impose the Navajo Long Walk (Brooks 95). General Carleton, a U.S. Army General, had Kit Carson, the well-known Indian fighter, deliver his demands to the Navajo, he said, “Say to them: Go to Bosque Redondo or we will pursue and destroy you. We will not make peace with you on any terms. You have deceived us too often and robbed and murdered our people too long to trust you at large in your own country.” (Acrey 39). Thus, in 1864, Navajo people were forcibly removed by the U.S. federal government from their traditional homelands to eastern New Mexico. U.S. Army records indicate that at least 11,468 Navajos were forced to walk three hundred to five hundred miles to the internment camp called Bosque Redondo (Spanish translation is Round Forest) or Fort Sumner (Cheek 18). For four years, Navajo people were forced to stay in Bosque Redondo where starvation, disease, and restriction of their culture was prevalent.

The book talks about multiple points of view of the 40 year war between the tribe and the American government and its’ citizens, and the raid on the Parker family who had traveled

Today in this Report you are going to learning about The Shoshone how the Location and Environment, There Source of Food, Cultures, and Customs and their Unique Characteristics.

The Native Americans, at the time of the first encounter, were still very culturally and socially primitive compared to the Europeans. They moved a lot, lived mainly of fishing and hunting, spent their time cultivating and used primitive tools and equipment in their daily activities.

The Timbisha are a Native American tribe that is federally recognized as the Death Valley Timbisha Shoshone Band of California. Located in Death Valley National Park, which neighbors the California−Nevada border, their headquarters are centered in Furnace Creek. Pauline Esteves, Maddy Esteves, and Joe Kennedy are the most prominent members of the tribe. In 2004, Joe Kennedy was elected tribal chairman and is currently a spokesperson for the tribe. Pauline Esteves, tribal elder and chairperson, is a negotiator and an internationally recognized activist who wants to pass on tribal traditions to the younger generations so that the Timbisha traditions, language, and culture does not die out (Jarvis). Maddy Esteves, Pauline’s

wasn't that big and nice. The land is actually in bad conditions when we got there and it still is now. The U.S. soldiers told us that this will be our new home and we had to stay here. If we left, then we might have been prosecuted and worst of all killed. They also said that this is a reservation and by law we had to stay here for now. I went toward the U.S. soldiers and ask, them what was a reservation? They said it was an area of land given by the government for Native Americans to occupy.My face was turning red, I was enraged because we were told to move away from our terrain and to adjust our lives to be on a reservation. We are humans, just like them, meaning we should be treated the same as them and not be set aside like if we something meaningless. In the reservations, we couldn't survive with these kinds of conditions because we need it to hunt buffaloes. buffaloes are our main source that provided almost everything needed to survive. Buffalo provided us with food, tools, weapons, and clothing. It wasn't possible for us to hunt buffalo in reservations because buffaloes, where it usually found in reservations or near reservations.Most Native Americans and I were crying because we lost our spirits a fight. We lost our spirit to fight because the United States troops and the government took our land that was rightly ours, most Native Americans died during the trails of tears. They made us move to a horrible place with the worst conditions that mankind could have imagined.The conditions of the houses on the reservation had the same conditions of a reservation overall. The houses in the reservations are tenements because the houses were poorly built. The ceilings of the houses were poorly built because it seemed that it was going to fall down in view of the fact that the rain made the ceiling fall apart. In the circumscribed land, there wasn’t a multitudinous quantity of stores. The stores

When settlers first came in from Europe, there was no conflict. The Cherokee allowed interactions with the new inhabitants through simple trading, deerskin for household goods. Their tools, like guns, opened up life with better efficiency for hunting than bows and arrows. This trading built the base for their trust and respect for one another. The Cherokee began assisting the Whites with their transition to the new lands, consistently providing resources that were valuable to their own people. For a while, the Cherokee and Americans had a strong alliance, giving recognition to each other’s culture. However, the Caucasians gradually began to take advantage of the hospitality they generously shared. Eventually, the abundant amount of agreements

Nunna dual Isunyi, the “Trail Where We Cried,” is what the Cherokees call one of the darkest chapters of American history (Pritzker). Despite the Native Americans adopting a great deal of white American customs and European-style economic practices, yet they were removed from their homelands and relocated to state reserves due to the ideology of manifest destiny and the insatiable American greed. The main victims were the Five “Civilized” Tribes: Choctaw, Seminole, Creek, Chickasaw, and Cherokee.

The Cherokee Tribe is among the more popularly known Native American tribes in the United States. They are mainly remembered for their fight against the U.S. government and the Supreme Court and their forced migration in the Trail of Tears. However, as mentioned by North Carolina Digital History and Robert Conley, because of their written language, many of their traditions and history is well known and taught in schools as an example of Native American culture (10.2 and 105). Michael D. Green and Theda Perdure introduce Cherokee history in the book, The Cherokee Removal: A Brief History with Documents. The tribe originally inhabited southeast North America in what is currently Kentucky, Tennessee, South Carolina, and into northern Georgia and Alabama “1). From 1836 to 1839 the Cherokee Tribe was forcibly and harshly removed and relocated in Oklahoma in what is known as The Trail of Tears (Green 160) Throughout all the changes the Cherokee had to undergo as they lost their traditional land and home, they were able to keep their traditions, rituals, and ceremonies and some, such as the dance and medicine use, are still practiced today. Traditions and rituals are repeated over and over, year after year. For an event to have this much significance in a society it must have been important from the time it began. As Miller Williams, a poet from 1930-2015, said, “Ritual is important to us as human beings. It ties us to our

European settlements in the new world had a number of impacts on Cherokee Native Americans. It led to them dying or being pushed onto reservations.

1. They all wanted to have something done about the Native Americans. England wanted to make them civilized and add them to their colonies. They wanted them to be "civilized" to be clothed, cristianized, fed, and instructed on the English ways, for their native ways were considered "barbaric". But not everyone wanted them included in their new life, many tribes were chased or wiped out. The Native Americans were racially predjeduced by many, which was one of the main reasons they were forced to abandon their traditions and original ways just for survival, and many didn't last long in the Europeans customs and environments.

I am Tisquantum, or as you may know me, Squanto. I am the last of my tribe. I was taken from my homeland, the Americas as a slave to Spain. From Spain, I traveled to England, Newfoundland, and back again to my homeland, near Plymouth. I am now free, but use my land, animal, and English knowledge to assist the new settlers of Plymouth in a multitude of ways; I also use my influence with the natives and the Colonists for my own benefit. Unfortunately, I died an early death, but my legacy remains today, with the national holiday of Thanksgiving (Tindall & Shi, 2013).

At spring in 1805, the waters were raised and there was wonderful weather. The Lewis and Clark expedition set out further. They traveled up Missouri, Montana, and wisely chose the Jefferson River. By September they had their first encounter with the Indians. A small group of the explorers went ashore to talk to a group of Sioux Indians and offer them gifts. After a while, the Indians were demanding more gifts and did not let Clark go back to the boat. They soon let him go when the explorers showed they were ready to fight. When October came, they met a group of Mandan Indians who were really nice. The expedition decided to build a Fort next to their village and stay there for the Winter. During the winter, a trader named Toussaint Charbonneau and his wife, Sacagawea, a Shoshone, joined in on the expedition.

Don’t be confused when an Indian tribe is called the Chippewa or the Ojibway because they are the same tribe. French settlers could not pronounce Ojibway correctly so they called the tribe the Chippewa. Have you ever wanted to know about the Ojibway Indians? If you read on, you will learn many interesting facts about this tribe.