FINAL EXAM

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FINAL EXAM CJC4010 The University of South Florida December 5th, 2023 John Kahyaoglu

Chapter 7: Discuss the kinds of jails in the United States. For starters, local jails are the most common in the United States. Local jails are controlled by each county/city separately, in comparison to a different jail found in a different county/city. Local jails house an array of different people, including but not limited to individuals with all sorts of pending offenses and those who are there already serving time for offenses that they have been found guilty for. Holding cells/lockups are jails utilized for short term detention, inside of a police station. These jails are used to house individuals while they are booked, or waiting to be sent elsewhere,and typically used as short-term confinement (they are not made to keep individuals on a long term basis). Specialized jails are specifically made pertaining to certain kinds of individuals. For instance, those who have mental health/substance abuse issues/problems, these kinds of jails make accommodations with special programs designed to help these individuals. Regional Jails are bigger facilities that provide a holding area for many counties. To add on to this, the reason that they are designed for many counties, is due to the fact that smaller areas may lack resources to run their own jail. Regional jails house a much higher number of individuals. Federal Detention Centers are controlled by the federal government and house those with more serious charges and those with immigration problems. Lastly, private jails are controlled by private corporations who have an agreement with the government, with motives in sight of profit. These jails provide a space for many kinds of individuals from different areas, facing many different kinds of charges.

APA Reference: Clear, T. R., & Reisig, M. D. (2022). American corrections (13th ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc. Chapter 8: Define recidivism and describe its importance in probation. Recidivism is defined as and measured by; ”...criminal acts that resulted in rearrest, reconviction or return to prison with or without a new sentence during a three-year period following the person's release.” (National Institute of Justice, 2023). Recidivism rates can be affected for an array of reasons. For starters, we can look at how much or even what kind of supervision these individuals may or may have not received during the serving of their sentence. More specifically, was this individual's needs met? Or were these individual’s problems attempted to be solved? Recidivism is nothing short of the most important factor and goal that jails/prisons should aim for. This is gravely vital simply for the fact that re-offending, or offending in the first place, is the exact reason why our country, and many other countries, have systems set in stone, with the objective to assist, in a personalized manner, to make sure these individuals re-enter society, safely for themselves, and those around them. By utilizing risk assessment statistics, officers can learn and visualize the problem at hand, regarding how easy it could be for an individual to reoffend in the future. Not only this, but these statistics can provide information regarding what problems the individual(s) face, so that we can better design programs and strategies for these individuals to ensure little to no recidivism. Lastly, but just as important as the rest, regarding recidivism, we can look at case planning. Case planning is the strategy of coming up with a specifically designed plan, designed

for a specific individual. By utilizing case planning, it has been addressed that this strategy is actually an effective way to meet the needs of individuals, while serving time, in order to prevent individuals from reoffending, when it comes time that they are released. APA Reference: Clear, T. R., & Reisig, M. D. (2022). American corrections (13th ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc. Chapter 9: How do intermediate sanctions work better-as a way of improving on probation or as a way of avoiding the negatives of imprisonment? Why? Intermediate sanctions work better-as a way of improving on probation or as a way of avoiding the negatives of imprisonment due to the fact that intermediate sanctions serve an array of punishments that are much more constraining, in comparison to traditional probation. However, they are much less severe, not to mention cheaper, when comparing it to incarceration. Some examples of intermediate sanctions, can include house arrest, in depth- intensive supervision, electronic monitoring, boot camp, fines, shock incarceration, as well as pretrial diversion. When it comes to the offender, these are all options that are made available to them. Intermediate sanctions “...aim primarily at reducing trial caseloads, especially focusing on less serious cases that need not tie up the court system." (Clear & Reisig, 2022) To add on to this, having an individual serve their time/punishment from their own home, is vastly cheaper than housing them within a jail/prison. By doing this, we are able to avoid a multitude of negative, adverse effects that imprisonment within a jail/prison impose on an individual. The simple answer is the fact that individuals will not face the possibilities of harsh treatment, when looking at house arrest, within their own home, as they could inside of a jail/prison. Although these individuals are stuck inside

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