PSY-366 Case Study- Motivation, Communication, and Information Processing Theory

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Feb 20, 2024

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Case Study: Motivation, Communication, and Information Processing Theory Grand Canyon University 366: Introduction to Sport and Exercise Psychology 1

Case Study: Motivation, Communication, and Information Processing Theory Many athletes struggle with mental health issues and personal issues that can affect their performance on the field and in school. It is important to know how to help these athletes with their problems so that they can perform at their best. Plenty of motivation theories such as Bandura’s Theory of Self-Efficacy, Harter’s Competence Motivation Theory, and Vealey’s Multidimensional Model of Sport-Confidence have been used to help these athletes gain/ build motivation, confidence, and self-efficacy. In this paper, different theories of motivation, strategies for focus and motivation, and how moods and emotions can affect one's performance on the field and in school will be discussed in two different scenarios. Athlete 1 For athlete one she has been struggling with maintaining focus on the field and in school because of a family tragedy. Vealey’s Multidimensional Model of Sport-Confidence is a great reference for this athlete to redevelop her motivation and narrow down her focus when competing. This theory is made up of three source domains of sports confidence and three types of sports confidence known as the sport-confidence rectangle which is influenced by the characteristics of the athlete, demographics, and organizational culture (Cox, 2012). There are three types of sports confidence: cognitive efficiency, physical skills and training, and resilience. This athlete is lacking in cognitive efficiency and resilience on the field and in school that needs to get back on track. Bandura's theory of self-efficacy talks about how individuals need that belief of control and that their actions are performed with intention to develop self-efficacy and control (Cox, 2012). This athlete is letting the tragedy her family went through affect her actions, thus becoming unmotivated in her sport. Dwelling on this family tragedy that she has gone through is interrupting her focus on whatever task she has on hand and her daily living. A 2

strategy that she could use to help narrow down her focus can be practicing mindfulness which is about focusing attention on the present moment which also has been shown to rewire the brain so that attention can be stronger in everyday life (Havard Health Publishing, 2023). By practicing mindfulness this athlete will learn how to focus on the present so that all her energy can be focused on her performance and athletic goals. With that, she can also try positive self-talk when it comes to negative outcomes in her performance which can allow her to focus on the positive to keep her motivated and focused on the goal at hand. Athlete 2 For Athlete Two her struggle is with maintaining motivation to play her sport due to conflicting motivational climates between her team and herself. According to the information processing theory, the way that humans process information is through a series of processing systems such as perception and short-term memory. Compared to how a computer works information taken in is “stored, retrieved, and transformed using “mental programs” with the results being behavioral responses” (Mcleod, 2023). In the case of this athlete, this theory can be used to help her maintain a motivational climate by making her aware of the way the information she is processing affects her. The way she perceives the motivational climate her team has in place is negative because it doesn’t correlate with the way she maintains her motivation. Instead of processing this negatively, she should use it as a new way to find/ maintain motivation not only as an individual but as a team. Her emotions about this change are affecting the way she feels about her team because she might feel as if they are moving forward without her, thus affecting her communication with teammates and coaches. This can affect her performance as well as her teammate's performance since their sport is a team sport that requires communication throughout the whole game regarding plays, positions, and strategies. One strategy she can use to 3

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