Lecture 2 - Language

- Runes o Alphabetic o Older (or elder) Futhark  24 runes o Younger Futhark  16 runes  Old Norse o Anglo-Saxon Futhark  28 runes  Old English  Anglo-Saxons basically used Old Futhark and added new letters o He said he doesn’t do Futhark? So potentially less time studying - Inscriptions o Seax of Beagnoth o Runestones o Bergen o Can be found on any sort of items  On a comb  On weapons such as a blade  On little sticks  Some of these inscriptions they denote property, some have little fun messages like “Geeta says go home” o Rune stones  Sometimes they’re chrtistian, sometimes they’re not  Usually some kind of commemoration. Regardless of whether it was Christian text was often written in these circles  Runic inscription exists at the same time as the latin alphabet for awhile before dying.  Final blow to runic writing was the printing press o Mixing traditions Google furthur  Burseryd, Sweden, 13 th century  Bridekirk, England, 12 th century  Killaloe, Ireland, 11 th century  Ogham  Andreas, Isle of Man, 10 th /11 th century  Displays a mix of belief system  Odin and Satan  Gosforth Cross, England, 10 th century - Literature o Almost exclusively written with the latin script o Skaldic poems