Homework_4

Write on the physiology of hearing. Not more than 1000 words

Fill in the blanks: 1. One sensory pathway for taste includes: Receptors – __________________ __________________ on the anterior tongue Sensory pathway – __________________ nerve Sensory area – Gustatory area in the __________________ lobe. The nerve impulses must first travel to the thalamus and are redirected to the gustatory area.

Fill in the blanks: 1. A second sensory pathway for taste includes: Receptors – _________________ __________________ on the posterior tongue Sensory pathway – __________________ nerve Sensory area – Gustatory area in the __________________ lobe. The nerve impulses must first travel to the thalamus and are redirected to the gustatory area.

Match the function with the correct structure. 1. Absorbs scattered light Sclera 2. Photoreceptors of the retina responsible for Vitreous humour colour vision 3. Refracts light rays into the eye Ciliary muscles 4. Supports the eyeball with the fluid they Iris contain 5. Alters the shape of the lens to promote Cones focusing Lens 6. Protects and supports the eyeball 7. Area that contains a high density of cones Choroid 8. Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to dim Fovea centralis light 9. Focuses the light rays on the fovea centralis Rods 10. Regulates the amount of light that enters Cornea the eye

Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium   A. Webber Test ( + = normal hearing; – = hearing impaired). Auditory acuity Webber test: without cotton Right ear ___________ Left ear ___________ with cotton Right ear ___________ Left ear ___________   B. Rinne test ( + = normal hearing; – = hearing impaired). Right ear ___________ Left ear ___________

You have been infected by a virus that led to an inflammation of your cochlea and the destruction of inner ear hair cells. This situation would result in _____________________. Sensorineural hearing impairment Increased movement of stereocilia towards the kinocilium Central hearing impairment Conductive hearing impairment Loss of endolymph in the cochlear duct Please consider providing a detailed and elaborate explanation of both correct options and incorrect options.

Draw, Color & Label: Basilar membrane, vestibular membrane, hair cells, cochlear nerve (afferent fibers), scala vestibuli, scala tympani cochlear duct organ of corti

Situation: Noise at Work Ediberto is 18 years old, and has been working for a company that manufactures prefabricated homes for about a year. He spends a lot of the work day using a power saw. His ears usually ring for a while in the evening, but it seems to clear up by the morning. He is a little worried about whether it’s damaging his hearing, but it’s not that different than how his ears feel after a rock concert. He wants to find some information on how much noise is bad for you, and what he can do. Questions for following story. 1. What went right in this situation? 2. What went wrong in this situation? 3. What steps should be taken in this workplace to make sure employees are better protected and prepared the next time?

Why should children with hearing aids utilize FM technology?

Label the structures of the external and middle ear in Figure .

Match the terms in column A with the descriptions in column B.   Column B1. muscle attached to stapes2. muscle attached to malleus3. auditory ossicle attached to tympanic membrane4. air-filled space containing auditory ossicles5. contacts hairs of hearing receptors6. leads from oval window to apex of cochlea7. S-shaped tube leading to tympanic membrane8. wax-secreting structure9. cone-shaped, semitransparent membrane attached to malleus10. auditory ossicle attached to oval window11. bony chamber between the cochlea and semicircular canals12. contains endolymph13. bony canal of inner ear in temporal bone14. connects middle ear and pharynx15. extends from apex of cochlea to round windowColumn Aa. auditory tubeb. ceruminous glandc. external auditory meatusd. malleuse. membranous labyrinthf. osseous labyrinthg. scala tympanih. scala vestibulii. stapediusj. stapesk. tectorial membranel. tensor tympanim. tympanic cavityn. tympanic membraneo. vestibule

Fill in the blank:  Olfactory bulbs lie on either side of the _______________________ of the ethmoid bone.

Which is usually better in a person with normal hearing—air conduction or bone conduction? Why?

Give a  common ear disorder (EXCLUDING: for example, otitis media, tinnitus, Meniere's disease, barotrauma, or otosclerosis). What are the causes, symptoms, and treatments of that ear disorder?

Fill in the blank:  The sensory impulses pass from the olfactory bulbs through the _______________________ tracts to theinterpreting centers of the brain.

Fill in the blank:  The distal ends of the olfactory neurons are covered with hairlike _______________________.

Is olfactory adaptation or odor fatigue good for a person? Explain your answer.

Match the terms in column A with the descriptions in column B.   Column B1. posterior five-sixths of middle or vascular tunic2. white part of outer tunic3. transparent anterior portion of outer tunic4. inner lining of eyelid5. secretes tears6. empties into nasal cavity7. fills posterior cavity of eye8. area where optic nerve originates9. smooth muscle that controls light intensity10. fills anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior cavity of the eye11. contains visual receptors called rods and cones12. connects lens to ciliary body13. causes lens to change shape14. antibacterial agent in tearsColumn Aa. aqueous humorb. choroid coatc. ciliary muscled. conjunctivae. corneaf. irisg. lacrimal glandh. lysozymei. nasolacrimal ductj. optic diskk. retinal. scleram. suspensory ligamentn. vitreous humor

Order the path of sound through the ear.   Question 76 options:   tympanic membrane   auditory canal   stereocilia   vestibule   cochlea   mallus, incus, stepes   oval window

Label the following numbers: 31, 32 & 37 of the inner ear (B) and cochlea in transverse position (C)

A mother notices that her preschooler, Darlene does not always respond when called. It also seems that Darlene sits close to the television and turns the volume up quite high. The mother suspects a hearing problem. 1. What ear diseases or disorders might cause hearing loss in a young child? 2. What treatments might be ordered for the various possible diseases? 3. Discuss the prognosis for each possible ear disease.

Asap Successful hearing depends on the proper functioning of three organs . Explain

Figure 1 shows the internal structure of the ear. Label and Describe in details how A-G structure works collectively in the hearing mechanism.

Blind-spot results: a. Right eye distance _______________________b. Left eye distance _______________________

The inner ear is divided into 3 parts. Name the three parts and list the main function of each.

Persistent exposure to loud noise can cause loss of hearing, especiallyfor high-frequency sounds. What part of the ear is probably damaged?Be as specific as possible.

Answer the question directly. Indicate your reference/s. How does aging affect the senses of olfaction and gustation? Explain separately.

Hearing Ear Model Label the following structures on this diagram of the ear: external ear: auricle external acoustic meatus middle ear: tympanic membrane malleus incus internal ear: oval window cochlea semicircular canals bone CN VIII: vestibular branch cochlear branch auditory tube stapes round window temporal Now locate the EAR MODEL and identify these same structures.

A tuning fork is placed against the forehead of a patient. The sound is loudest in the left ear. What can you determine about the patient’s hearing? What is happening in the left ear and the right ear? Begin your Internet search with the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders website. Also, search for deafness, hearing, and cochlea.

Describe the function of the inner ear including the cochlear, vestibule and semicircular canals. (easy and simple)

Identify the following structures and sketch them in the spaces provided: 1. Cornea       2. Anterior cavity containing aqueous humor       3. Iris       4. Pupil       5. Lens       6. Zonular fibers of the lens       7. Ciliary body a. Ciliary processes     b. Ciliary muscle       8. Vitreous chamber containing vitreous body       9. Sclera         10. Choroid         11. Retina             a. Macula lutea                             i. Fovea centralis                     b. Rods                     c. Cones         12. Optic disc         13. Optic nerve (cranial nerve II)           14. Primary visual cortex of the brain

QUESTION 2 Identify the indicated part of the ear model. tympanic membrane incus stapes O malleus