1928-30. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History

The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001.


1928–30

First Antarctic flights by Hubert Wilkins; he mapped large portions of the continent.	1

1928–30

Richard E. Byrd led a large expedition equipped with airplanes and established the base Little America.	2

1935

Foundation of the CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION OF THE NORTH SEA ROUTE by the Soviet government, responsible for exploration and development of all Soviet territory north of 62°.	3

1937–38

A Soviet polar station for research was established on an ice floe near the North Pole.	4

1956–57

The American Amundsen–Scott Station was set up at the South Pole.	5

1957–58

The International Geophysical Year devoted major attention to study in the Antarctic, establishing a network of some 60 research stations in the region.	6

1958

*NAUTILUS*, an American nuclear-powered submarine, navigated under the North Pole.	7

1959

INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC TREATY, signed in Washington by 12 states, agreed to use the Antarctic continent for peaceful purposes only and to suspend territorial claims disputes for 30 years.	8

1959

*Skate*, an American nuclear-powered submarine, surfaced at the North Pole.	9

1977

*ARKTIKA*, a Soviet nuclear-powered icebreaker, was the first surface ship to reach the North Pole.	10

1989

Victoria Murden and Shirley Metz were the first women to reach the South Pole overland.	11


The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.