Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, ed. Poems of Places: An Anthology in 31 Volumes. Scotland: Vols. VIVIII. 187679.
Esk, the River
The Hundred Pipers
Carolina Oliphant, Lady Nairne (17661845)
On receiving the submission of the civic authorities, and the surrender of the castle, Prince Charles Edward entered Carlisle on Monday the 18th November, 1745, preceded by one hundred pipers. So far the poetess has sung truly. But she is historically at fault with reference to the two thousand. So many Highlanders of the Chevaliers army did indeed wade across the Esk, but it was in flight, not in triumph. They waded the Esk on their return to Scotland from an expedition which boded disaster.