Which of the following statements best explains the effect of release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion. Release of noradrenaline at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion leads to decreased generation and release of the NANC transmitter, nitric oxide.

Which of the following statements best explains the effect of release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion. Release of noradrenaline at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion leads to decreased generation and release of the NANC transmitter, nitric oxide.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter7: The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8RE

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Which of the following would be a side effect of a muscarinic agonist that is used to treat dry mouth? dilate airways decrease heart rate excess saliva production inhibit digestive system excess lipolysis ( please say which option is correct not just explanation)
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released from presynaptic neurons in response to a nerve impulse and diffuses across the È synaptic cleft, or neuromuscular junction, to a receptor on another neuron or a muscle cell. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a pentamer containing four types of subunits, azßys. Place the events in the correct order, from the release of acetylcholine from a neuron to receptor resensitization: -excited presynaptic neuron releases acetylcholine -acetylcholine diffuses across synaptic cleft or neuromuscular junction -acetylcholine is released from the binding sites -two acetylcholine bind to a receptor; the gate opens -small cations pass through the open pore of the receptor -the plasma membrane of the target cell is depolarized -two acetylcholine are tightly bound to a receptor; the gate is closed -one acetylcholine binds to a receptor; the gate is closed.
Match the following statements to the correct neurotransmitter of the autonomic nervous system. Select "Both" if the statement is true of both neurotransmitters. Secreted by cholinergic fibers. Receptors for this neurotransmitter may cause either excitatory or inhibitory responses. Bind(s) to adrenergic receptors. Receptors for this neurotransmitter are found on all autonomic postganglionic neurons. This neurotransmitter can increase heart rate. ANSWER OPTIONS: Acetylcholine or Norepinephrine? Both?
Which of the following would be a side effect of a muscarinic agonist that is used to treat dry mouth? dilate airways decrease heart rate excess saliva production inhibit digestive system excess lipolysis
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: O a. Cholinergic nicotinic receptors of autonomic ganglia are identical to N cholinergic receptors of neuromuscular junction O b. Some of the postganglionic sympathetic fibers are cholinergic O c. All of the visceral organs/structures have dual innervation (sympathetic and parasympathetic) O d. Adrenaline does not usually circulate in blood
Sympathetic innervation can have pro- and anti- inflammatory effects. Which of the following statements does not support this suggestion relative to a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). O Mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor were less susceptible to this experimental IBD Catecholamines acting on alpha2-adrenoreceptors led to proinflammatory (IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha) production worsening the IBD in mice Mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor were more susceptible to this experimental IBD
In the basal ganglia, which of the following occurs? disinhibition results in the inhibition of glutamate onto the thalamus the release of GABA onto the internal segment of the globus pallidus is excitatory In the indirect pathway, disinhibition blocks glutamate release from the subthalamic nucleus In the direct pathway, disinhibition blocks GABA release onto the thalamus
Which of the following statements is correct in what happens when a muscarinic cholinergic receptor is activated? opens an ion channel allowing Na+ ions to move across the membrane increases the level of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm choose if none of the other choices are correct stimulates the production of cCAMP activates a G protein to open up different ion channels
When Botox (botulinum toxin) is injected, it paralyzes muscles locally. Based on this information only, what neurotransmitter system does Botox alter? cholinergic serotonergic Dopaminergic GABAergic
In the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, there are two cholinergic synapses (synapses mediated by acetylcholine) on the way to the target tissue. The first synapse is in the autonomic ganglion (from the "preganglionic neuron"), and is always mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NACHRS). The second synapse (from the "postganglionic neuron") is on the target cell, and is mediated by muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). B. One of these synapses produces a long-lasting hyperpolarization of its target cell. Which synapse, and why?
In the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, there are two cholinergic synapses (synapses mediated by acetylcholine) on the way to the target tissue. The first synapse is in the autonomic ganglion (from the "preganglionic neuron"), and is always mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NACHRS). The second synapse (from the "postganglionic neuron") is on the target cell, and is mediated by muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). C. Which synapse is expected to be blocked by removal of Ca2+ from the external solution?

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		Release of noradrenaline at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron.
		Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron.
		Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron.
		Release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion leads to decreased generation and release of the NANC transmitter, nitric oxide.