Which ion concentration relationship is true when a neuron is at rest? (Select all that apply) More potassium (K+) inside the cell than outside the cell More sodium (Na+) inside the cell than outside the cell More chloride (Cl-) inside the cell than outside the cell More potassium (K+) outside the cell than inside the cell 00
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- Which of the following voltages would most likely be measured during the relative refractory period? +30 mV 0 mV -45 mV -80 mvConformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)At resting membrane potential for a typical neuron (-70 mV), which ion does NOT move?Na+Ca2+K+Cl-None
- What is the equilibrium potential of chloride for a typical neuron? We will use the following ion concentrations and equilibrium potentials: lon Inside concentration (mM) Outside concentration (mM) Equilibrium Potential Sodium 15 145 +60 mV Potassium 125 5 -85 mV Chloride 13 150 -65 mV 60mV -80mV -90mV -65mVChoose all that apply [Na*] + [K'] | + + + + This diagram is a drawing of normal conditions that occur in a neuron's axon (not all details are included). This stage that a living neuron would be in, would show that no positive ions are inside the cell current is traveling down the axon the cell will be at rest once the Na ions enter the cell the cell is at rest Na ions are predominantly outside the celChannel labels Voltage-gated K* channels Voltage-gated Na+ channels Ligand-gated Na+ channels Voltage-gated K* channels lon movement labels K+ exits cell Na+ enters cell K+ exits cell Na+ enters cell Graded potential Depolarization (EPSP) +30 mV -70 Time (msec) +30 mV -70 Depolarization Action potential Time (msec) +30 mV -70 Repolarization Time (msec) +30 mV Hyperpolarization Overshoot -70 Time (msec)
- Which of the following does NOT contribute to the establishment or maintenance of the neuron resting membrane potential? Oa sodium and potassium ions are actively transported across the cell membrane which maintains the resting membrane potential Ob. negatively charged proteins are inside the neuron and are not transported out Oc potassium ions are highly concentrated outside the cell and their are many potassium leakage channels in the membrane Od. sodium ions are more highly concentrated outside the cell and there are fewer sodium ion leakage channels in the membraneThe options for all 8 are either: Depolarization, Na+ influx into cell Vm=-70mV inactivation of voltage-gated Na+ channels and opening of voltage-gated K+ channels Vm = -55mV, voltage Gated Na+ channels open graded potentials stimulating depolarization at the axon hillock hyperpolarization Repolarization, K+ efflux out of cell cells return to resting membrane potential[Na*] [K*] This diagram is a drawing of normal conditions that occur in a neuron's axon (not all details are included). This stage that a living neuron would be in, would show that O no positive ions are inside the cell current is traveling down the axon O the cell will be at rest once the Na ions enter the cell O the cell is at rest O Na ions are predominantly outside the cell
- - Which of the following describes the concentration of K+ and Na+ ions in and around a resting neuron?1- K+ and Na+ ion concentrations are both higher outside of the cell.2- K+ ion concentration is higher inside of the cell, Na+ ion concentration is higher outside of the cell.3- K+ ion concentration is higher outside of the cell, Na+ ion concentration is higher inside of the cell.4- K+ and Na+ ion concentrations are similar inside of and outside of the cell. - An action potential:1- is a large change in polarization.2- is an "all-or-nothing" response.3- will travel down the length of the axon4- all of the above - What prevents action potentials from traveling away from synaptic terminals?1- Inactivation of Na+ channels behind the zone of depolarization.2- Inactivation of K+ channels behind the zone of depolarization.3- An increased in graded potential along the length of the axon.4- All of the above - Which brain region is incorrectly paired with one of its functions?1- midbrain -…The action potential is split into 4 parts (A-D). For each part, 1. Describe what stimulated the channel responsible for this part, 2. what is the likely ion that is moving and 3. explain which direction the ion had to move to create the measured membrane potential. +40 B D membrane potential (mV) -40 -60 A { 2 time (ms)A neuron has a resting membrane potential of -70 milivolts (mV) and a threshold value of -55 mV. Three synapses on the body of this neuron receive the impulses listed below. hyperpolarisation by 5 mV • depolarisation by 15 mV • depolarisation by 10 mV ENTER THE MEMBRANE POTENTIAL AS A NUMBER WITH + OR - IN FRONT OF IT. The final membrane potential will be mV and this cause an action potential becasue it is v than the