Use the Solow-Swan diagram to show the impact of an increase in human capital on GDP, both in the long-run as well as in the transition to the long-run. Explain your result briefly.
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- Refer to Table 4.3 “The Model’s Prediction for Per Capital GDP” on page 83. Why is the “observed per capita GDP” in the last column 1.000 for the U.S.? A. The U.S. per capita GDP was $1,000 in real terms for the year given in the table B. It means the U.S. economy produces 100% of what it’s supposed to produce C. It means the U.S. economy uses 100% of all available capital in the country D. U.S. values are set, or normalized, to 1 while the other countries’ values are all relative to the U.S. valuesAccording to the East Asia and Pasific Economic update published by the World Bank in April2015, the following factors have affected China’s real GDP in 2015.• Global economic recovery supports a moderate increase in China’s exports.• China benefits from a fall in the world price of oil• Chinese government to cut excess capacity in heavy industry• U.S firms to relocate their labor-intensive manufacturing industries to low-cost acountries.1. Explain the combined effects of these factors on China’s real GDP and the price level,starting from a position of long-run equilibrium.According to the East Asia and Pasific Economic update published by the World Bank in April2015, the following factors have affected China’s real GDP in 2015.• Global economic recovery supports a moderate increase in China’s exports.• China benefits from a fall in the world price of oil• Chinese government to cut excess capacity in heavy industry• U.S firms to relocate their labor-intensive manufacturing industries to low-cost acountries. 1. How each of the above factors changes short-run aggregate supply, long run aggregate supply, aggregate demand, or some combination of them.
- According to the East Asia and Pasific Economic update published by the World Bank in April2015, the following factors have affected China’s real GDP in 2015.• Global economic recovery supports a moderate increase in China’s exports.• China benefits from a fall in the world price of oil• Chinese government to cut excess capacity in heavy industry• U.S firms to relocate their labor-intensive manufacturing industries to low-cost acountries.1. How to explain that each factor separately affect China’s real GDP and the price level, startingfrom a position of long-run equilibrium.Suppose that Indonesia's national production function is Y = K 05L 05, where K is the amount of land and Lis the amount of labor. The economy starts when the amount of land owned is 100 units and the number of workers is 100 units. Calculate the following indicators. a. How much output is produced? b. What are the labor wages and land rent? c. What is the share of the output received by labor? d. If a natural disaster occurs that causes the population to be reduced by half, what is the new level of national output? e. What are the new rates of labor wages and land rent? f. What share of output does the labor receive now?● Represent a subsistence economy in a Solow-Swan model. Subsistence: Consumers need a minimum amount of consumption ( 10 apples). Until they get that amount they will not save. Assume all output not used for Investment is consumed. ● Suppose At increases in a subsistence model. Use graphical analysis of the Solow Swan Model to determine what will happen to the follow variables in the new equilibrium: • GDP • Investment Capital ●
- What determines whether a curve shifts in the Solow diagram? Make a listof the parameters of the Solow model, and state whether a change in eachparameter shifts a curve (which one?) or is simply a movement along bothcurves.10. As an alternative to the story of Robinson Crusoe, macroeconomists use the "aggregate production function," written as Y = AF(L,K,H,N), to link economy-wide output Y to the number of workers L, the stock of physical capital K, the stock of human capital H, the stock of natural resources N, and stock of technological knowledge A. With reference to this aggregate production function, please indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. (a) The aggregate production function exhibits "constant returns to scale" if doubling the four inputs - workers L, physical capital K, human capital H, and natural resources N – while holding the stock of technological knowledge A fixed leads to a doubling of output. (b) The aggregate production function exhibits "constant returns to scale" if tripling the four inputs - workers L, physical capital K, human capital H, and natural resources N – while holding the stock of technological knowledge A fixed leads to a tripling of…11. In 2022 a country has the following data: GDP TFP Capital Labor Y A K L 400 1,100 20 The production function is Y = A¿KQ4 LQ.6 and the capital stock evolves according to Kt+1 growth rate of labor is 0.6% and TFP growth is 2%. Assume that population is equal to labor. Use the Solow model to calculate per-capita GDP in 2024 (two years later). (1 – d)Kt + It. The saving rate 22%, the depreciation rate is 10%, the (а) 498.32 (b) 504.42 (c) 516.96 (Right answer) (d) 548.87
- Refer to the figure below and assume that the values for points a, b, and c(the combined value of consumer goods and capital goods) are $10 billion, $20 billion, and $14 billion, respectively. The Macroeconomy Capital goods PPF₂ PPP, Consumer goods Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. a. If the economy moves from point to point bover a 2-year period, what must have been its annual rate of economic growth? percent b. If, instead, the economy was at point c at the end of the 2-year period, by what percentage did it fall short of its production capacity? 30 percentThe production function for an economy can be expressed as Y= F(K,L), where Y is real GDP, K is the quantity of capital in the economy, and L is the quantity of labor in the economy. If Y = K0.5 L0.5, what is real GDP if the quantity of capital is 900 and the quantity of labor is а. 400? b. What is/are the endogenous variable(s) in this model? What is/are the exogenous variable(s) in this model? с.Use the Solow model below to answer the question. Y Y3 Y₂ Y₁ K₁₁ K₂ K3 Y = Af(K,H) dk SY K Suppose that Y₁ is 1,475, Y₂ is 6,184, and Y3 is 10,992. The savings rate for this economy is 30% and the depreciation rate is 8.2%. If this economy is currently at a GDP of 1,475, what is the smallest amount of foreign aid which would move the economy up to a GDP of 10,992? Assume that all foreign aid becomes investment. Round your final answer to two decimal places.
