This pedigree traces the inheritance of a rare disease in humans. a. Based on this pedigree, is the allele for this disease dominant or recessive? Explain. b. What genotypes are possible for the individuals labeled 1, 2, and 3?
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- a. On the basis of this pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance for the disease? Explain your reasoning. b. Based your answer to part a, give the most likely genotypes for all family members in the pedigree.Take the example of B-thalassemia, an autosomal recessive genetic disease that particularly affects people from around the Mediterranean. This disease is associated with an anomaly of hemoglobin, a protein essential for the transport of oxygen, which is composed of four chains: two alpha (a) and two beta (B). In case of B-thalassemia, the ẞ chains are produced in insufficient or no quantity in an individual homozygous recessive resulting in insufficient production of overall hemoglobin leading to anemia and other physiological challenges. The gene that controls the synthesis of the ẞ chains is located on chromosome 11. Here is part of the coding portion of this gene (which controls a total of 146 amino acids and of which you only see the portion 36 to 41) and one of the targeted mutations: 1. Give the sequence of amino acids from the template and mutated strands. 2. What type of point mutation is it? 3. Using the principles of the theory of evolution, explain briefly and generally why…The following pedigree illustrates the inheritance of a rare neurologicaldisease. What is the most likely mode of inheritance for this disorder?Explain your reasoning.
- A made-up genetic phenotype in humans results in some people having both brown and blond body hair. It is noticeable only if you look closely and these individuals which have small. medium, and large patches of brown hair and small, medium, large patches of blond body hair spread throughout their body. a.) If this phenotype is only seen in females, males have completely blond or brown body hair, how would you describe the genetic nature of this phenotype?The pedigree below shows that inheritance of a disease that is caused by a late onset, dominant, autosomal mutation that is rare, but only 50% penetrant. The gene that is mutated in the disease is linked at a distance of 10 cm to a microsatellite marker that has alleles numbered 1, 2, and 3. The marker alleles detected in each individual are indicated below. What is the probability that individual A will develop the disease? Explain using an illustration of this occurs.This pedigree traces the inheritance of a trait in humans. Based on this pedigree, is the allele for this disease dominant or recessive? Is it sex-linked? Explain. What genotypes are most probable for the individuals labeled 4, 7, and 10?
- Hemophilia A is caused by a sex-linked recessive gene in human and in dogs. a. What proportions (and sexes), among their offspring will be hemophiliacs if a hemophilic male is mated to a homozygous nonhemophilic female?b. If a daughter produced by the mating in (a) is mated to a normal male, what proportions and (sexes) will be hemophilic among their offspring?Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is an X-linked recessive disorder in humans characterized by small teeth, no sweat glands, and sparse body hair. This trait is usually seen in men, but women who are heterozygous carriers of the trait often have irregular patches of skin with few or no sweat glands (see the illustration below). a. Explain why women who are heterozygous carriers of a recessive gene for anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia have irregular patches of skin lacking sweat glands. b. Why does the distribution of the patches of skin lacking sweat glands differ among the females depicted in the illustration, even between the identical twins?A. Look at the pedigree, and DISREGARD individual II-8 for the moment. Is the pattern of inheritance of Unetan syndrome dominant or recessive? You may assume that the gene is FULLY-PENETRANT in this family. Please give two specific reasons that support your conclusion. B. Now, looking at BOTH the pedigree AND at the Southern blot, is this trait autosomal, X-linked, or Y-linked? Please give two specific reasons that support your conclusion. Once again, disregard II-8 for the moment. One of your two reasons must refer specifically to evidence present in the Southern blot. C. Define the gene alleles associated with Unetan syndrome. Your alleles MUST be consistent with the pattern of inheritance, AND your genetic notation must be consistent with that used throughout the course. Unetan syndrome allele: ________ Normal allele: ________
- Albinism in humans is inherited as a simple recessive trait.Determine the genotypes of the parents and offspring for the following families. When two alternative genotypes are possible,list both.(a) Two parents without albinism have five children, four withoutalbinism and one with albinism.(b) A male without albinism and a female with albinism havesix children, all without albinism.a. How many generations are presented in this pedigree? b. What are the most probable genotype of III-3, IlI-5, and III-8? c. What is the probability that II- 1 and Il-2 will have another normal offspring? Show punnet square and explain your answer. d. Who among the individuals are affected?Many genetic disorders exhibit locus heterogeneity. Define andgive two examples of locus heterogeneity. How does locus heterogeneityconfound a pedigree analysis?