Table 1 shows data on whether or not a treatment relieved pain for patients. Treatment Placebo Total Relieved pain 41 21 62 Did not relieve 39 54 93 pain Total 80 75 155 Table 1 Is the treatment significantly better than the placebo? Test whether the treatment is significantly better than a placebo at relieving pain. The patients were randomly allocated to the two groups and the experiment was double-blind.
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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