Seawater has the following electrical characteristics: conductivity o=4 S/m, dielectric constant e=80, and permeability u=1. Calculate the attenuation length for a plane wave propagating in seawater at frequencies f=1 kHz, 1 MHz, and 10 GHz. From your calculation, which of these frequencies can possibly be used to communicate with a submarine?

Seawater has the following electrical characteristics: conductivity o=4 S/m, dielectric constant e=80, and permeability u=1. Calculate the attenuation length for a plane wave propagating in seawater at frequencies f=1 kHz, 1 MHz, and 10 GHz. From your calculation, which of these frequencies can possibly be used to communicate with a submarine?