It is decided to test the exothermic reaction A P with 8000 kg of reactant A and an initial concentration CA0 = 17 kmol/m³. The molecular weight and the mean molar heat capacity of the mixture are 234 kg.kmol- and 42 KJ.kmol-l.k'. The Arrhenius constant is 8.3x107 m³.kmol-.s', and the activation energy is equal to 8.88x 104 kJ.kmol-'. The heat released from the exothermicity of the reaction is 4.18 x 104 kJ.kmol of A reacted. The reaction can only take place if the reactor has a temperature of 140°C, so we need to pre- heat it. The double jacketed cylindrical reactor – with no ellipsoid – is fitted with a heating and a cooling utility, with a material of construction ss 316. 1. What is the time needed for the process to achieve 98% conversion if the reactor is to be maintained at 140°C during the reaction (Include preheating time for both reactor and mixture) The nozzle of the steam in 0.5 inch What is the mass flow rate of the utility. It is very essential to write all the assumptions clearly! If any data is removed from outside source, please specify the reference. Take-into-account the heat needed to heat the metal of the reactor if the thickness of the reactor and the Jacket is 3 mm and Jacket space is 4 cm. The bottom of the reactor is not double jacketed, only the sides. You can approximate the heat needed for the mixer and other fittings as a 10% added weight in metal to the reactor and jacket. 2. The reaction is repeated. However, after preheating the reactor, the pump of the cooling water is broken, and the reaction is allowed to take place without a cooling utility. what is the time needed to achieve the same conversion. Properties of SS 316 – Heat capacity = 0.468 KJ/Kg.k Density = 8000 kg/m³ Some hints When calculating time of process , you need: Time of reaction Time to preheat the metal • Time to preheat the mixture Choose the acceptable pressure for steam utility to make sure heat transfer is occuring Use heuristics relation to speed of steam along with cross sectional area of nozzel and/or Jacket Calculate the mass of steel of the reactor, and use that to find the time needed to heat it You need to find the volume of the reactor from the mixture data You need to set the physical dimensions of it