"Germany's Bundestag approved a special defense fund worth €100bn ($110bn) to modernize its army, an initiative prompted by Russia's invasion of Ukraine" (the Economist, 4 June 2022). Use the goods & services market to predict the effects of this fiscal shock on interest rates, saving, investment, and net exports for Germany and the rest of the world in the following three cases: (a) Germany is closed; (b) Germany is a small open economy; (c) Germany is a large open economy.
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- Suppose the economy of the hypothetical country “X” is currently in equilibrium at point A on thegraph. There were two major shocks to the economy in 2020.First shock was related to oil prices; the other was related to consumer confidence about futurebusiness conditions. Oil Shock: The economy X faced a rise in the average price of oil along with the rise of world price ofoil.E) Would an increase in oil prices cause a demand shock or a supply shock? Redraw the diagram toillustrate the effect of this shock by shifting the appropriate curve. What happens to theAggregate output and price level after the shock? (3)F) If policymakers wish to prevent the equilibrium output from changing in response to the oilprice increase, should they use contractionary or expansionary fiscal policy? (Redraw the graphfrom part E and show the change) (4)G) Even if the economy moves back to original Aggregate output, will there be any drawback? (1)Consumer Confidence Index: The Consumer Confidence Index…Q1. The experience of Greece illustrates some of the challenges of the eurozone. As a resultof the global financial crisis that began in 2007–2008, the eurozone entered its first official recession.The severity of this downturn came close to breaking up the eurozone as financially weak memberssuch as Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, and Spain teetered on the verge of bankruptcy.In 2008, Greece was in deep recession, its economy was uncompetitive with northern eurozonemembers like Germany, and its debt was more than three times as large as previously estimated.With debt piling up, investors feared that Greece could not pay its international obligations. To shoreup Greece’s financial position, other eurozone countries, in conjunction with the InternationalMonetary Fund (IMF), agreed on a packagethat gave Greece 110 billion euros in loans. When this bailout was agreed to, it was feared thatGreece's exit from the eurozone would cause so much panic in the markets that other vulnerablecountries…If a countrys currency is expected to appreciate in value, what would you think will be the impact of expected exchange rates on yields (e.g., the Interest rate paid on government bonds) in that country? Hint: Think about how expected exchange rate changes and interest rates affect a currencys demand and supply.
- In its recent report, The Conference Boards Global Economic Outlook 2015, updated November 2014 (http://www.conference-board.org/data/ globaloutlook.cfm), projects Chinas growth between 2015 and 2019 to be about 5.5%. International Business Times (http//www.ibtimes.com/us-exports-china-have rown-294-over-past-decade- 1338693) reports that China is the United States third largest export market, with exports to China growing 294 over the last ten years. Explain what impact China has on the U.S. economy.Hi, can I please get help with the picture in the attachements its true and false. I’m not so good at reading and comprehension and understanding the meaning. Here’s the link 2 incase: https://sites.google.com/a/macmillan.com/news-analysis/japan-recession-europe-stagnation-cast-pall-over-global-economic-outlook2. You are working as the chief economist for the Ministry of Economy in Peru. For each of the following situations, use the IS-LM-FX model to illustrate the effects of the shock. For each case, state the effect of the shock on the following variables (increase, decrease, no change, or ambiguous): Y, i, E, C, I, TB. Assume the government allows the exchange rate to float and makes no policy response. a. Peru's main trading partner, China, enters into a recession. China's output decreases. b. Investors expect a depreciation of the Sol, the Peruvian currency. c. The money supply in Peru increases. d. Peruvian government increases government spending.
- Greece was particularly hard hit by the COVID pandemic due to its high dependence on international tourism. Tourism revenue declined by 78% during the first 9 months of 2020. In this context, critically evaluate the following statement: "Greece's membership of the Eurozone constrains its ability to adjust to such a large external shock'.Assume in a given month, Japan's export to the U.S. increased. How such an increase will affect the Japanese Yen? From a U.S. perspective, how this increase will affect the U.S. dollar? Knowing that both currencies can float, verbally explain your answers using the demand/supply model (no need to draw a graph). Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt Paragraph BI T² V :7. For each of the following, specify whether the foreign direct investment is hori- zontal or vertical; in addition, describe whether that investment represents an FDI inflow or outflow from the countries that are mentioned. a. Vodafone (a U.K.-based company) plans to improve its network and services in Romania after the results in this market lagged behind other countries. b. General Electric (an American company) buys Alstom (another American company) energy assets. c. Exxon (an American company) plans the construction of new delayed coker unit in Belgium. d. PetroChina (a Chinese company) plans to invest in global oil and natural gas assets in a venture in Western Australia.
- 10 Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows. A number of factors have contributed to the performance of the South African economy. Firstly, the sizeable monetary injection into the local economy as a stimulus due to COVID economic pressures has given a boost to household disposable incomes over the course of 2021. The depreciation of the exchange rate in 2021 year also provided a boost to the domestic economy. Based on the information in the paragraph above, where is the South African economy in the economic cycle as per the figure above? a. contraction b. trough c. expansion d. peakRussia’s invasion of Ukraine is causing energy prices to soar in the euro area (at an annual rate of 39% according to the Economist, June 2022). (1.a) What kind of economic shock is this for the euro area (AD or AS; positive or negative)? Use the AD/AS model to predict the effects of this shock on euro area output, prices, employment, and unemployment. Does it matter whether the shock is permanent or temporary? How must fiscal policy respond if the government’s target is price stability? How will this policy change your answer about prices, employment, and unemployment? Include the AD/AS grap1. Using ideas behind the specific model, intuitively explain how gains from trade for the overall economy do not necessarily translate into gains for every group within the economy. In the model, what are definite winners and losers. For whom are the gains unclear? 2. Briefly explain why the specific factors model is often considered a ‘short-run’ model. Give an example of a situation where it may also be valid for the ‘long-run’. 3. Briefly and intuitively explain the mechanisms and main results of the Heckscher-Ohlin Model. 4. In the context of the Heckscher-Ohlin Model, briefly explain Leontief’s Paradox and give examples of how the model can be reconciled with his finding. 5. Why is the bilateral trade balance not necessarily a good measure of the trade relationship between two countries? 6. Consider the (‘long run’) effects of inward labor migration in the Heckscher- Ohlin Model. Assume that the country trades and the relative price of two goods X and Y stays constant. Assume X…