Describe the main technique for amplifying a segment of DNA (like the one you suspect is involved in Lee’s cancer) from a complex mixture of genomic DNA. Remember that the entire human genome sequence is known. (Hint: This is a technique that is commonly used by laboratories that do genetic testing and various other applications of molecular biology.)
Q: - Which reaction is divergent? Why?
A: Metabolic pathways or reactions are very important as they help in maintaining the life of organism…
Q: hat your connections should: • be meaningful; • be well-organized and easy-to-follow; • show your…
A: Proteins are biological macromolecules that perform both structural and functional roles in the…
Q: 4. Draw the two monosaccharides that will result from the hydrolysis of sucralose, artificial…
A:
Q: Determine the cause-effect relationship of the following variables given. Choose the best answer…
A: Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that is involved in the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and…
Q: 2 A biomolecule has a K_d of 1.6mM. A mutated-version of the same biomoleucel was bound by ligan by…
A: The formation of an enzyme-substrate complex is the first step in enzymatic catalysis. The enzyme…
Q: b) Determine which ionization state corresponds to aspartic acid (shown below) at pH 1, 7, and 10 by…
A: Due to the presence of ionizable groups, the amino acids possess different charges at different pHs.…
Q: Identify and briefly describe three different PEGylation strategies you can use to PEGylate this…
A: The process of PEGylation improves drug solubility and decreases immunogenicity of a molecule that…
Q: When comparing the α-globin protein in cow and humans, you find that they differ at 20 of the 165…
A: Proteins are highly ordered sequences of amino acids. It is this amino acid sequence of the protein…
Q: On a per-carbon basis, where does the largest amount of biologically available energy in…
A: The triacylglycerol are molecules in which the hydroxyl group of glycerol is esterified with fatty…
Q: Which of the following statements is TRUE? Group of answer choices The human DNA is single-stranded…
A: DNA is called deoxyribonucleic acids. DNA serves as the genetic material for most organisms present…
Q: Show a(13:1)Cis Fatty-acid that is △^10 and what it is called in Omega No man clay.tur. Compared to…
A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbon to 36 carbons. The…
Q: "the enzyme involved in the production of trans-(2,3) double bond from a cis-(3,4) double bond in…
A: During the beta-oxidation of fatty acids the isomerase enzymes are involved in the conversion of the…
Q: 1. In your own words define the process of DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation.
A: Introduction: DNA is the genetic material that defines every cell and before a cell duplicates and…
Q: What is the basis behind NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) function?
A: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medications that are commonly used to treat pain,…
Q: 5. A young woman decided to lose wcight and abstained from fat-containing food for several months.…
A: Note : Hi ! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer three subparts at a time. Since…
Q: Identify the name of the amino acid and its group (aliphatic, aromatic, acidic, basic, hydroxylic,…
A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The amino acid is composed of, a carboxyl group, a…
Q: For each genotype below, indicate whether it is heterozygous or homozygous. Write PAUL if its…
A: A set of nucleotides in the DNA that encodes a product (RNA or protein) is referred to as a gene…
Q: blood type A, ___ is found at the nonreducing end of the oligosaccharide portion of the…
A: The oligosaccharides which are involved in the ABO blood types, and are located outside of the cell…
Q: the two coiled strands in parallel direction to the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases
A: DNA is a double-stranded helix with the two strands held together by hydrogen bonds.
Q: Suggest different strategies on the following aspects of COVID-19: a. Diagnostics b. Vaccines
A: Coronavirus disease which is also referred to as the (COVID-19) is a type of infectious disease that…
Q: TRUE OR FALSE = "The initiation codon for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is AUG coding for the same…
A: The triplet codon AUG always codes for methionine which is also called the start codon for…
Q: 42 Products of glucose oxidation essential for electron transport chain are ____. Select one: a.…
A: The breakdown of energy rich molecules like glucose to obtain energy is called cellular respiration.…
Q: Kindly refer to the image and answer the question 5. Cite a metabolic pathway where active protein…
A: Protein kinases are the Enzymes that phosphorylate the Target protein by adding a phosphate group.…
Q: Why is it that the secondary messenger system is named as such? What is the two most common…
A: Cell signalling pathways help in communication between the cells and the surrounding environment.…
Q: The temperature of unfolding (denaturation) for a particular protein is 50 oC. A replacement of…
A: Thermodynamics of protein folding involves measurement of a protein where structural changes in a…
Q: Make the PCR Cocktail This table lists the ingredients, stock reagent concentrations, and…
A: Polymerase chain reaction (abbreviated PCR) is a laboratory technique for rapidly producing…
Q: Enzyme involved in the second step of ketogenesis
A: Ketogenesis is the formation of ketone bodies (β-Hydroxybutyrate and acetone) from acetyl-CoA.
Q: Why is potential Hydrogen (pH) important to Biology?
A: The pH of aqueous or other liquid solutions indicates how acidic or basic they are. The phrase,…
Q: Compare and contrast the following items related to lipid metabolism. Cite their main…
A: Compare and contrast of the following items related to lipid metabolism.
Q: At pH 12.48, arginine (pK's 1.82, 8.99, 12.48) would be charged as follows: O 1) -1 alpha-carboxyl,…
A: The pKa of the ionizable groups of an amino acid is important for determining the net charge on the…
Q: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes bind the organic compound UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA) in order…
A: Phase II Biotransformation reactions enable detoxification of drugs and aid in their proper removal…
Q: CH:(CH),CООН CH:(CH2),СH-CHICH),COOН CH:(CH2)12COOH A В C
A: Fatty acids are the long chain carboxylic acids that are exterified with glycerol to form…
Q: LAuden, halfan hour afler the dinner, comaining about 150g of carbohydrates 20gof f, and ag of…
A: Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body. When there is energy demand in the…
Q: For each of the heterocyclic bases, choose a correct characterization from the response list…
A: Nucleic acids are the polymer of nucleotides. Nucleotide is made up of ribose or deoxyribose sugar,…
Q: 2. Circle the carbon atoms of the carbohydrate rings of these sugars at which the oxidation takes…
A: If a sugar(Monosaccharide, Disaccharide or Polysaccharide) can cause reduction of other compounds…
Q: a) The genetic code in unambigous that means many codons can code for the same amino acids. b)…
A: 1. The genetic code is UNAMBIGUOUS:- Means that each triplet specifies only a single amino acid.…
Q: QUESTION 22 Mst digeston Hb*I Hb HDI HD Hb*I Hb E 1.35 kb E 1.16 kb Southern blot The figure above…
A: As indicated in the RFLP and restriction digestion analysis of the HbA and HbS gene there is a…
Q: ou know that the free energy of ATP hydrolysis depends on the ATP/ADP ratio. Given that under…
A: ATP is the energy currency of the cell.
Q: A solution contains a mixture of four proteins: urease, ovalbumin, lysozyme, and alkaline…
A: Proteins are composed of a linear chain of amino acids attached together via peptide bonds. There…
Q: fill in the blanks Metabolism of one glucose molecule yields ( ) molecules of acetyl…
A: Glycolysis is very important and common metabolic pathway which converts glucose into pyruvic acid…
Q: differentiate the forms of Vitamin E.
A: Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin. It is a naturally occurring antioxidant. It is also called an…
Q: 1. Relate the chemical structure of an enzyme to its specificity and catalytic activity. 2. Design a…
A: Enzymes are classified as a type of protein that plays a major role in the process of helping speed…
Q: Which of the following is correct regarding the relationships of intermediates in Lipogenesis and…
A: The citric acid cycle (TCA cycle ) is the central metabolic cyclic pathway in aerobic cellular…
Q: The initiation factors during initiation of protein synthesis are lost leading to the dissociation…
A: The initiation factors are essential for the initiation of protein synthesis or protein translation…
Q: Protein synthesis in bacterial cells usually starts with a: phenylalanine residue. alanine…
A: Proteins have four levels of structural organization including Primary, secondary, tertiary,…
Q: 2. For an exergonic reaction, what is the value of AG?
A: The ∆G of exergonic reactions is a negative value, the change in Gibbs energy result is negative.
Q: 1. A community-based intervention program for hypertension was undertaken in two communities to…
A: Baseline studies are studies performed before an intervention is made in a community to understand…
Q: What are the different major macromolecules? How are they interrelated to each other? Is there a…
A: Introduction: Macromolecules are larger molecules that are made from smaller ones. Many are polymers…
Q: 1. Analyze the following and identify which one mentions the function of a common eukaryotic ligase?…
A: Ligase enzymes are enzymes of Enzyme classification class 6 and it catalyzes the formation of C-C,…
Q: If a biochemist is trying to synthesis a 14C Valine at the a-Carbon using Pyruvate as a starting…
A: Pyruvate is a byproduct of glycolysis and L-valine is non-polar amino acids with side chain group of…
Describe the main technique for amplifying a segment of DNA (like the one you suspect is involved in Lee’s cancer) from a complex mixture of genomic DNA. Remember that the entire human genome sequence is known. (Hint: This is a technique that is commonly used by laboratories that do genetic testing and various other applications of molecular biology.)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- From your knowledge about DNA microarray, answer the following: If the expression microarray experiment was done with a normal sample and a suspected sample, after reading the color pattern resulted from the experiment it was recorded that “gene A22” is expressed in the suspected sample. The gene A22 is clinically linked to colon cancer. Answer the following: What is the expected color of the spot on the microarray which represents this gene? What is your interpretation of the suspected sample; is it a cancer sample or not and explain why?Transcriptome analysis involves two separate methodologies: gene expression and RNA seq analyses. The 10 items below are a scrambled listing of the steps used in the two procedures. Identify the steps involved in RNA seq from the list below. Use the numbers in the list to refer to each step. Once the steps for RNA seq have been identified, write the steps in the order in which they are performed during the experiment. (1) DNA sequencing (2) Allow for hybridization and wash excess cRNA. (3) Mix labeled cRNA with array chip. (4) PCR amplification (5) Measure fluorescence intensity to determine abundance of transcripts. (6) Add labeled cRNA at each microarray location. (7) Map cDNA sequences to the genome of the organism to determine identity and abundance of transcripts. (8) mRNA isolation from cells (9) Prepare fluorescently labeled cRNA probes (10) cDNA synthesisFrom your knowledge about DNA microarray, answer the following: A- How DNA microarray is created? and why it is referred to as “hybridization technology”? B- Why RT-PCR is important in the sample preparation to perform expression microarray experiment? C- Mention the name and the color of the dyes used in expression microarray? D- If the expression microarray experiment was done with a normal sample and a suspected sample, after reading the color pattern resulted from the experiment it was recorded that “gene A22” is expressed in the suspected sample. The gene A22 is clinically linked to colon cancer. Answer the following: What is the expected color of the spot on the microarray which represents this gene? What is your interpretation of the suspected sample; is it a cancer sample or not and explain why?
- For what purposes is DNA extraction done? (give at least 3 purposes for which you may need to extract DNA)Each of the following describes a distinctive step in a genomic technology or experimental design. Match the name of the technology or experimental design to the description. Answers may be used more than once or not at all. Add fluorescent tags onto the single-stranded sample of nucleic acids before the sample is applied to a glass slide. [ Choose ]When aligned to a reference genome, read depth indicates duplications and deletions. [ Choose ]A spot appears as a mix of two fluorescent colors if the individual is heterozygous. [ Choose ]An experimental design that relies on identifying unrelated individuals that have one of two phenotypes, then looking for a correlation between individual phenotype and genotype. [ Choose ] choices: GWAS, RNA microarray, RNA sequencing, DNA microarray, quantitative genetics, family study, genomic resequencingIt has been suggested that it would make the study of human diseases easier if cloned transgenic animals were produced that carried faulty versions of human genes (e.g., the gene that causes cystic fibrosis). a. Why would such animals be useful in medical research? : b. What ethical questions are raised by the creation of such transgenic animals?
- Microarray hybridization is used mostly in transcript profiling or assaying DNA variation. Although the technology for establishing DNA microarrays was developed only recently, numerous applications have already been developed and their impact on future biomedical research and diagnostic approaches is expected to be profound. Give some examples of the practical use of this technique.Topic: Recombinant pharmaceuticals (for the production of insulin, human growth hormone or blood clotting factors) Question Describe the molecular genetics process using proper scientific terminology. Describe the steps that are involved. How is it performed?Explain why DNA ladders are usually included during gel electrophoresis. One aspect of PCR that can be modified is the annealing temperature. In general, higher annealing temperatures show more specificity towards a single template, whereas lower annealing temperatures show less specificity and may bind to multiple regions throughout the genome. Discuss how using an annealing temperature that is too high or too low might influence the results of a PCR assay (and gel electrophoresis results) such as the one used in this study.
- Listed below are 4 of the 13 genome sites used to create a standard DNA profile. Each site consists of a number of short tandem repeats: sets of 4 nucleotides repeated in a row within the genome. For each site, the number of repeats found at that site for this individual are listed: Imagine you perform a PCR procedure to create a DNA profile for this individual. Which of the following four gels correctly represents the DNA profile of this person?You are asked to sequence a piece of DNA to determine if it is from a gene thought to be involved in the development of breast cancer. The sequence of the template strand is ATGCCCGTAATCGTTA and you are given the primer TAACGA. You take these along with a sequencing kit that contains everything else needed for sequencing. You then run the sequencing experiment and analyze the results on a sequencing gel. Which of the following gels (A-D) is the correct sequencing gel for this experiment? Answers: A-D A A BB CC DD Question #3 attachment A ATOC B с A TO C ATOC ATOCWhole-exome sequencing (WES) is helping physicians diagnose a genetic condition that has defied diagnosis by traditional means. The implication here is that exons in the nuclear genome are sequenced in the hopes that, by comparison with the genomes of nonaffected individuals, a diagnosis might be revealed. (a) What are the strengths and weaknesses of this approach? (b) If you were ordering WES for a patient, would you also include an analysis of the patient’s mitochondrial genome?