Consider the following table:Year20122013Potential GDP$14.9 trillion$15.3 trillionReal GDP$14.9 trillion$15.2 trillionPrice Level110112What can we expect from the Federal Reserve Bank if it seeks to move the economy in the direction of long-run macroeconomic equilibrium?OA. The Fed will pursue a contractionary monetary policy.B. The Fed will pursue a contractionary fiscal policy.c. The Fed will pursue an expansionary monetary policy.OD. The Fed will pursue an expansionary fiscal policy.If the Fed's policy is successful, what is the effect on the following indicators?Actual real GDP:Potential real GDP:Price level:Unemployment:

Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4:

Answered: Consider the following table: Year 2012…

Brief Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781337091985

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter16: The Influence Of Monetary And Fiscal Policy On Aggregate Demand

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8PA

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What is a potential problem with a temporary tax increase designed to increase aggregate demand it people know that it is temporary?
9 Suppose the Republic of Newbee fixes the value of its currency, the Nam, to the dollar. In the U.S., the inflation rate is higher than the target inflation rate set by the Fed. The Fed then decides to reduce the money supply in the U.S. How will Newbee be affected by this action by the Fed. Use the DD/AA model to explain and graph your answer. Based on your answers can the government of Newbee use fiscal policy to stabilize Newbee’s real GDP? Explain and graph using the DD/AA
YEAR POTENTIAL GDP REAL GDP PRICE LEVEL 2020 $1500 billion $1500 billion 100 2021 $1590 billion $1560 billion 105 Refer to the table above to answer the questions below: a) Explain whether a contractionary or an expansionary fiscal or monetary policy should be implemented in 2021. b) Based on you answer to part a) above, identity one monetary and fiscal policy instrument. c) If the economy is successful in keeping real GDP at its potential level in 2021, state whether each of the following will be higher, lower, or the same if this economy had taken no action. i Real GDPii Potential GDPiii The inflation rateiv The unemployment rate d) Now let us suppose that real GDP in 2021 was higher than the potential GDP in 2021. What would your answer to part a) and part b) be under this scenario?
Price level (GDP deflator, 2009 = 100) I 130 120 110 100 8 0 16 LAS SAS ADO AD2 AD₁ 17 18 19 20 21 Real GDP (trillions of 2009 dollars) O increase government expenditures. In the above figure, the economy experiences an increase in aggregate demand so that the aggregate demand curve shifts from ADO to AD2. If the Fed wants to offset this change, it would O purchase government securities on the open market. sell government securities on the open market. raise taxes.
Suppose you are chair of the Federal Reserve in 1995. You believe that potential output follows the dotted line after 1993, but in actuality, it follows the line denoted "True potential output." The current state of the economy is given by the curve "Actual output." Given the information in the figure, you _________, because you believe the economy is in a ________, but your advice instead OUTPUT O 1993 True potential output 1995 Actual output Perceived potential output lower interest rates; recession; accelerates inflation TIME O raise interest rates; boom; accelerates a recession keep interest rates the same; boom; accelerates inflation O Not enough information is given. lower interest rates; boom; increases unemployment
The current Ukraine-Russia War threatens the prosperity of the global economy, and as such, the UK economy. You are working as an Economist for the HM Treasury and a panel of Members of Parliament. have asked you to provide guidance on the current situation of the economy and potential demand side and supply side policy interventions to stabilise the economy. Using economic theory, answer the following:
7 ts eBook ferences The graph below depicts an economy where an increase in aggregate demand has caused inflation. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing taxes to bring inflation under control. Price Level 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 0 Fiscal Policy LRAS AD AS AD₁ 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Real GDP (billions of dollars)
The graph below depicts an economy where an increase in aggregate demand has caused Inflation. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing taxes to bring Inflation under control. Price Level 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 Fiscal Policy LRAS AS Real GDP (billions of dollars) AD₁ AD 40 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 Instructions: Round your answers to 2 decimal places. If you are entering a negative number include a minus sign. a. How much does aggregate demand need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? billion b. If the MPC is 0.75, how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? $ billion Suppose Instead that the MPC is 0.5. c. How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? Aggregate demand needs to change by $ billion and taxes need to change by $ billion.
The following graph shows several aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves for an economy whose potential output is $4 trillion. The curves are labelled a, b, c, and d. Three points on the graph are also indicated by grey stars and labelled X, Y, and Z. PRICE LEVEL 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 0 с 1 d a 2 3 5 REAL GDP (Trillions of dollars) 6 7 b ? Identify which curve on the previous graph corresponds to each description in the following table. If the curve described does not appear on the graph, choose Not Shown.
9. Which of the following will result in expansionary monetary or fiscal policy being the LEAST effective in increasing real GDP? A. The LRAS curve has a negative slope B. Aggregate demand is less elastic than aggregate supply C. Wages and prices are very flexible and change quickly in reaction to policy changes D. The SRAS curve is perfectly elastic
Using a correctly labelled aggregate demand and aggregate supply diagram, show how the increase in investment will affect each ofthe following in the short run.i. Output ii. The price level c. Identify one fiscal policy action that could counter the increase in investment. Explain how this policy will affect each of the following.i. Output ii. The price level iii. Nominal interest rates d. i. Identify one monetary policy action that could counter the increase in investmentsii. Using a correctly labelled money market graph, show how this policywill affect nominal interest rates
Question 4. (1) As discussed, the IS-LM model can explain the impact of fiscal policy to aggregate output (Y). For the IS curve, government purchase (G) is an endogenous or exogenous variable? How a lower government purchase G would affect Y? How to illustrate the change graphically? (2) For the LM curve, use your language to explain how the supply of real money balance is related to total money supply (M) and the price level (P). For M and P, which one is endogenous or exogenous to the LM model? (3) Use your language to explain how to derive the aggregate demand (AD) curve from the IS- LM model? How the AD curve is sloped and why?

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