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Autonomous consumption = R100m
Investment spending = R300m
Government spending = R200 million
Exports = R150 million
Autonomous imports = R100 million
Marginal propensity to consume =2/3
Tax rate = 1/10
Marginal propensity to import = 1/10
Yf = R2 150 million
Q.1.1 Calculate the level of autonomous spending in this economy. (2)
Q.1.2 Calculate the size of the multiplier. (3)
Q.1.3 Calculate the equilibrium level of income. (2)
Q.1.4 Calculate the change in government spending required to reach full employment
in the economy.
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- Assume that a nation's marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.75. A highiy productive, cost-cutting technology is developed for the production of commercial airplanes. The total industry expenditure in this nation is $100 million for the immediate acquisition and adoption of this technology. (a) For this nation, identify and explain how much this spending on new technology will change each of the following in the first round: i. Income (GDP) L. Saving i. Consumption (b) Assuming a closed economy and no leakages, identify and explain how much this spending on new technology will change each of the following at the end of the final round: i. Income (GDP) ii. Saving li. ConsumptionAutonomous consumption = R100mInvestment spending = R300mGovernment spending = R200 millionExports = R150 millionAutonomous imports = R100 millionMarginal propensity to consume =2/3Tax rate = 1/10Marginal propensity to import = 1/10Yf = R2 150 million Q.1.2 Calculate the size of the multiplier. Q.1.4 Calculate the change in government spending required to reach full employmentin the economyYou are an economic advisor to the government. Discuss your opinion . a) How COVID-19 pandemic will affect the consumption behavior as well as the investment done by the firms and household for the next two years? b) What are the actions or policies that the government can implement to face this situation? please answers with analysis and --graph (if possible)
- In the country of Borealis, the minimum amount of consumption spending that will occur is $300 - that is, no matter what level of income households have, the aggregate amount of consumption spending in the economy will be at least $300. In addition, for every extra dollar of national income, consumption spending will increase by $0.75.16. Find consumption expenditure from the following National Income =Rs. 5000 Autonomous Consumption = Rs. 1000 Marginal Propensity to Consume = 0.8 %3D200 AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE (Billions of dollars) 20 20 40 60 660 80 80 100 120 140 160 180 40 AE Line MPC=0.70 45-Degree Line 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 REAL GDP (Billions of dollars) New AE Line + New Equilibrium billion. In the second billion. Therefore, a higher MPC In the first economy (with MPC = 0.5), the $30 billion decrease in investment causes equilibrium output to decrease by $ economy (with MPC = 0.70), the $30 billion decrease in investment causes equilibrium output to decrease by $ is associated with a multiplier.
- (1)The following macroeconomic model describes the economy of Sunderland. 1. Y= C +I + G + NX 2. C = 220 + 0.63 Y 3. 1 = 1000- 2000R 4. G = Go 5. NX = 525-0.10Y-50OR 6. M (0.1583Y-1000R)P (a)ls it a fair characterization to refer to equation #2 as a "simple" consumption function? Explain. (b)Derive the expression for equilibrium real output, Y, for this economy. Note: In your final expression for Y, restrict coefficient values to three decimal points. (c) Suppose government spending is 1200 , money supply by the Central Bank is 900 and the price level is 1, find the value of GDP (Y) and equilibrium interest rate (R) for Sunderland. Income Identity Consumption function Investment function Government Expenditure Net export function Money market equilibrium (2)The questions in this section are related to the macroeconomic model of Sunderland. (a)The expression you are asked to derive in question #1b can be considered an aggregate demand curve. Do you agree? Explain your answer. (b)Sketch…(a) Explain the difference between induced consumption expenditure and autonomous consumption expenditure. Why is not all consumption expenditure induced expenditure? (b) How is it possible for households to have a negative savings rate and what has caused this negative household savings rate? Is this negative household savings rate sustainable in the long run?The gross domestic product (GDP) of Country A is $2 trillion in year 1. What value of investment will increase its GDP to $4.5trillion in year 2? (present your result in the nearest billion dollars, i.e., no decimal places) Assume that the average disposable income and consumption (in real $) of this country's citizen are provided in the table below. Year Income Consumption 1 60,000 50,000 64,726 51,259
- in an imaginary economy, there is no foreign trade and no government activity. APC = MPC = 0.08. In equilibrium, consumption expenditure is Rs,20, 000 Million. (a) What is ihe level of invesiment expenditure? (b) What is the value of the multiplier (c) Suppose investment spending remains unchanged but both APC and MPC fall to 0.06, what is the new equilibrium level of national income?The following is a hypothetical estimate of a demand curve for butter over the period 2001–10. Qa = 145 – 1.5P- 0.001Y+ 2P. Where Qa is the quantity of butter sold in grams per person per week; Pis the price of butter (in pence per kg, at 2000 prices); Yis the anmual disposable income per head (in £s at 2000 prices); Pa is the price of margarine (in pence per kg, at 2000 prices). (a) If P is 50 pence, Yis £20 000 and P is 40 pence, what is the estimated value of Qa? (b) If the price of butter went up by 6 pence per kilo, all other things equal, what would happen to the estimated demand for butter? (c) Going back to the original price of 50 pence, if the value of Y now rose to £22,000 what would happen to the estimated demand for butter? (d) What is the income elasticity of demand for butter according to your calculations in (c)? What sort of good is butter according to this result? (e) Again, going back to the original demand, if the price of margarine now rose by 10 pence what would…Assume that the economy is now governed by a government and begins trading with other economies. The economy is described by the following set of equations. ?=1000+0.5⋅?d ID = 600 G=700 T=400 EX=0.1⋅Y IM=100+0.1⋅Y YD = Y - T Calculate the equilibrium level of output Y* a) 2857 b) 4000 c) 6274 d) 4400 Whats the government expenditure multiplier? Whats the tax multiplier? Whats the ba;anced budget multiplier?