As shown in the sketh below, a steam pipe of 0.12-m inside diameter is insulated with a layer of calcium silicate. 12. Ts.2} 1. Ts,1} Steam Insulation (a) If the insulation is 27.5 mm thick and its inner and outer surfaces are maintained at T,1 = 800 Kand T,2 what is the rate of heat loss per unit length (q) of the pipe, in W/m? = 490 K, respectively, %3D
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- 1.63 Liquid oxygen (LOX) for the space shuttle is stored at 90 K prior to launch in a spherical container 4 m in diameter. To reduce the loss of oxygen, the sphere is insulated with superinsulation developed at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology's Cryogenic Division; the superinsulation has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.00012 W/m K. If the outside temperature is on the average and the LOX has a heat of vaporization of 213 J/g, calculate the thickness of insulation required to keep the LOX evaporation rate below 200 g/h.As shown in the sketh below, a steam pipe of 0.12-m inside diameter is insulated with a layer of calcium silicate. 12. Ts.2} 1. Ts,1} Steam Insulation (a) If the insulation is 17.5 mm thick and its inner and outer surfaces are maintained at T,1 = 800 K and Ts,2 = 490 K, respectively, what is the rate of heat loss per unit length (q') of the pipe, in W/m? (b) Determine the rate of heat loss per unit length (q'), in W/m, and outer surface temperature T.2, in K, for the steam pipe with the inner surface temperature fixed at Ts,1 The outer surface is exposed to an airflow (T = 800 K, inner radius ri = 0.06 m, and outer radius r2 = 25°C) that maintains a convection coefficient of h = 25 W/m2-K and to = 0.1 m. large surroundings for which Tsur = T_ = 25°C. The surface emissivity of calcium silicate is approximately 0.8.As shown in the sketh below, a steam pipe of 0.12-m inside diameter is insulated with a layer of calcium silicate. 12. Ts.2} 1, Ts,1} Steam Insulation 800 K and T,2 490 K, respectively, (a) If the insulation is 25 mm thick and its inner and outer surfaces are maintained at T,1 what is the rate of heat loss per unit length (d ) of the pipe, in W/m? (b) Determine the rate of heat loss per unit length (d'), in W/m, and outer surface temperature T,2, in K, for the steam pipe with the inner surface temperature fixed at T,1 = 800 K, inner radius rį = 0.06 m, and outer radius r2 = 0.16 m. The outer surface is exposed to an airflow (T, = 25°C) that maintains a convection coefficient of h = 25 W/m2-K and to large surroundings for which Tsur 25°C. The surface emissivity of calcium silicate is approximately 0.8.
- As shown in the sketh below, a steam pipe of 0.12-m inside diameter is insulated with a layer of calcium silicate. "2. Ta2} 1. Ta,1} Steam Insulation (a) If the insulation is 10 mm thick and its inner and outer surfaces are maintained at T, = 800 K and Ta = 490 K. respectively,. what is the rate of heat loss per unit length (q) of the pipe, in W/m? (b) Determine the rate of heat loss per unit length (d), in W/m, and outer surface temperature T,2, in K, for the steam pipe with the Inner surface temperature fixed at T = 800 K, inner radius = 0.06 m, and outer radius n = 0.18 m. The outer surface is exposed to an airflow (T 25°C) that maintains a convection coefficient of h = 25 W/m2-K and to large surroundings for which Tur = T, = 25°C. The surface emissivity of calcium silicate is approximately 0.8.As shown in the sketh below, a steam pipe of 0.12-m inside diameter is insulated with a layer of calcium silicate. 1. Ts. 1} Steam 12. T8.2} Insulation (a) If the insulation is 27.5 mm thick and its inner and outer surfaces are maintained at T1 = 800 K and T2 = 490 K, respectively. what is the rate of heat loss per unit length (q') of the pipe, in W/m? (b) Determine the rate of heat loss per unit length (q'), in W/m, and outer surface temperature T2, in K, for the steam pipe with the inner surface temperature fixed at T₁ = 800 K, inner radius r₁ = 0.06 m, and outer radius r₂ = 0.14 m. The outer surface is exposed to an airflow (To = 25°C) that maintains a convection coefficient of h = 25 W/m²-K and to large surroundings for which Tsur = To = 25°C. The surface emissivity of calcium silicate is approximately 0.8.a. A slab of thermal insulator is 100 cm² in cross section and 2 cm thick. Its thermal conductivity is 2.4 x 10 -+ cal/(s cm C"). If the temperature difference between opposite faces is 180 F', how much heat flows through the slab in one day?
- 3. A cylindrical pipe of negligible thickness holding a hot fluid at 140°C and having an outer diameter of 0.4 m is insulated with three layers of each 50 mm thick insulation of k₁ = 0.02: k2 = 0.06 and k3 = 0.16 W/m-K (starting from inside). The outside surface temperature is 30°C. Solve for the value of T2 (°C). • show conversions, units, and box in your final answersProblem 1. 67 pts bar shown below, determine the temperatures at Nodes 2 and 3. Assume 1-D heat transfer that only occurs in the x-direction as the upper and lower 1-D Heat Transfer with Conduction. For the 1-D composite boundaries of the elements are insulated. Assume the cross-sectional area is the same for all elements, A=0.01 m?. For Element 1, let the thermal conductivity be 100 W/(m °C). For Element 2, let the thermal conductivity be 110 W/(m °C). For Element 3, let the thermal conductivity be 120 W/(m °C). The left end of the bar has a constant temperature of 120 °C (at Node 1) and the right end has a constant temperature of 276 °C (at Node 4). Insulated, 1-d heat transfer in x-dir Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4 +x 120°C E1 E2 ЕЗ 276°C 1 mm 2 mm 0.5mm InsulatedQ2- Water flows inside a steel pipe with an ID of 2.5 cm. The wall thickness is 2 mm, and the convection coefficient on the inside is 100 Wm? C. The convection coefficient on the outside is 10 W/n C. The pipe is covered with a layer of asbestos. 1-determine the thickness of the asbestos layer at the critical insulation radius of the pipe. 2-calculate the change percent of heat transfer with and without the insulation. 3-commet on your results,
- 8) Consider two liquids, A and B. with temperatures Te > TA. The two objects are put into thermal contact for a time period. Without just saying 'heat flows from hot to cold' how would you prove to someone that a quantity of heat flowed from B to Á. (think of James Joule's experiments) 9) If the temperature of the sun were to suddenly double, by what multiplicative factor would the thermal radiation change ? Show WorkA certain insulation has a thickness of 2 cm. What thermal conductivity in W/m • *C is necessary to effect a temperature drop of 500 *C for a heat flow of 400 W/m2?1/ 1 100% + T7 Heat Transfer & Applications Q1. The heat flux through a wood slab 50 mm thick, whose inner and outer surface temperatures are 40 and 20°C respectively has been determined to be 40 W/m2. What is the thermal conductivity of the wood. (0.1 W/ mK) o uindow 5 mm thick are