achine can be sold today for $240,352. The new sewing machine would require a one-time, $85,000 training cost. Operating c
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| Year | 1 | $390,600 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 400,200 | |||
| 3 | 410,000 | |||
| 4 | 425,200 | |||
| 5 | 432,400 | |||
| 6 | 435,500 | |||
| 7 | 436,300 |
The new sewing machine would be
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- Mallette Manufacturing, Inc., produces washing machines, dryers, and dishwashers. Because of increasing competition, Mallette is considering investing in an automated manufacturing system. Since competition is most keen for dishwashers, the production process for this line has been selected for initial evaluation. The automated system for the dishwasher line would replace an existing system (purchased one year ago for 6 million). Although the existing system will be fully depreciated in nine years, it is expected to last another 10 years. The automated system would also have a useful life of 10 years. The existing system is capable of producing 100,000 dishwashers per year. Sales and production data using the existing system are provided by the Accounting Department: All cash expenses with the exception of depreciation, which is 6 per unit. The existing equipment is being depreciated using straight-line with no salvage value considered. The automated system will cost 34 million to purchase, plus an estimated 20 million in software and implementation. (Assume that all investment outlays occur at the beginning of the first year.) If the automated equipment is purchased, the old equipment can be sold for 3 million. The automated system will require fewer parts for production and will produce with less waste. Because of this, the direct material cost per unit will be reduced by 25 percent. Automation will also require fewer support activities, and as a consequence, volume-related overhead will be reduced by 4 per unit and direct fixed overhead (other than depreciation) by 17 per unit. Direct labor is reduced by 60 percent. Assume, for simplicity, that the new investment will be depreciated on a pure straight-line basis for tax purposes with no salvage value. Ignore the half-life convention. The firms cost of capital is 12 percent, but management chooses to use 20 percent as the required rate of return for evaluation of investments. The combined federal and state tax rate is 40 percent. Required: 1. Compute the net present value for the old system and the automated system. Which system would the company choose? 2. Repeat the net present value analysis of Requirement 1, using 12 percent as the discount rate. 3. Upon seeing the projected sales for the old system, the marketing manager commented: Sales of 100,000 units per year cannot be maintained in the current competitive environment for more than one year unless we buy the automated system. The automated system will allow us to compete on the basis of quality and lead time. If we keep the old system, our sales will drop by 10,000 units per year. Repeat the net present value analysis, using this new information and a 12 percent discount rate. 4. An industrial engineer for Mallette noticed that salvage value for the automated equipment had not been included in the analysis. He estimated that the equipment could be sold for 4 million at the end of 10 years. He also estimated that the equipment of the old system would have no salvage value at the end of 10 years. Repeat the net present value analysis using this information, the information in Requirement 3, and a 12 percent discount rate. 5. Given the outcomes of the previous four requirements, comment on the importance of providing accurate inputs for assessing investments in automated manufacturing systems.Talbot Industries is considering launching a new product. The new manufacturing equipment will cost 17 million, and production and sales will require an initial 5 million investment in net operating working capital. The companys tax rate is 40%. a. What is the initial investment outlay? b. The company spent and expensed 150,000 on research related to the new product last year. Would this change your answer? Explain. c. Rather than build a new manufacturing facility, the company plans to install the equipment in a building it owns but is not now using. The building could be sold for 1.5 million after taxes and real estate commissions. How would this affect your answer?At Stardust Gems, a faux gem and jewelry company, the setting department is a bottleneck. The company is considering hiring an extra worker, whose salary will be $67,000 per year, to ease the problem. Using the extra worker, the company will be able to produce and sell 9,000 more units per year. The selling price per unit is $20. The cost per unit currently is $15.85 as shown: What is the annual financial impact of hiring the extra worker for the bottleneck process?
- Talbot Industries is considering launching a new product. The new manufacturing equipment will cost $17 million, and production and sales will require an initial $5 million investment in net operating working capital. The company’s tax rate is 25%. What is the initial investment outlay? The company spent and expensed $150,000 on research related to the new product last year. What is the initial investment outlay? Rather than build a new manufacturing facility, the company plans to install the equipment in a building it owns but is not now using. The building could be sold for $1.5 million after taxes and real estate commissions. What is the initial investment outlay?Jonfran Company manufactures three different models of paper shredders including the waste container, which serves as the base. While the shredder heads are different for all three models, the waste container is the same. The number of waste containers that Jonfran will need during the following years is estimated as follows: The equipment used to manufacture the waste container must be replaced because it is broken and cannot be repaired. The new equipment would have a purchase price of 945,000 with terms of 2/10, n/30; the companys policy is to take all purchase discounts. The freight on the equipment would be 11,000, and installation costs would total 22,900. The equipment would be purchased in December 20x4 and placed into service on January 1, 20x5. It would have a five-year economic life and would be treated as three-year property under MACRS. This equipment is expected to have a salvage value of 12,000 at the end of its economic life in 20x9. The new equipment would be more efficient than the old equipment, resulting in a 25 percent reduction in both direct materials and variable overhead. The savings in direct materials would result in an additional one-time decrease in working capital requirements of 2,500, resulting from a reduction in direct material inventories. This working capital reduction would be recognized at the time of equipment acquisition. The old equipment is fully depreciated and is not included in the fixed overhead. The old equipment from the plant can be sold for a salvage amount of 1,500. Rather than replace the equipment, one of Jonfrans production managers has suggested that the waste containers be purchased. One supplier has quoted a price of 27 per container. This price is 8 less than Jonfrans current manufacturing cost, which is as follows: Jonfran uses a plantwide fixed overhead rate in its operations. If the waste containers are purchased outside, the salary and benefits of one supervisor, included in fixed overhead at 45,000, would be eliminated. There would be no other changes in the other cash and noncash items included in fixed overhead except depreciation on the new equipment. Jonfran is subject to a 40 percent tax rate. Management assumes that all cash flows occur at the end of the year and uses a 12 percent after-tax discount rate. Required: 1. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the make alternative. Calculate the NPV of the make alternative. 2. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the buy alternative. Calculate the NPV of the buy alternative. 3. Which should Jonfran domake or buy the containers? What qualitative factors should be considered? (CMA adapted)Hillsong Inc. manufactures snowsuits. Hillsong is considering purchasing a new sewing machine at a cost of $2.45 million. Its existing machine was purchased five years ago at a price of $1.8 million; six months ago, Hillsong spent $55,000 to keep it operational. The existing sewing machine can be sold today for $250,000. The new sewing machine would require a one-time, $85,000 training cost. Operating costs would decrease by the following amounts for years 1 to 7: Year 1 $390,000 2 400,000 3 411,000 4 426,000 5 434,000 6 435,000 7 436,000 The new sewing machine would be depreciated according to the declining-balance method at a rate of 20%. The salvage value is expected to be $400,000. This new equipment would require maintenance costs of $100,000 at the end of the fifth year. The cost of capital is 9%
- Hillsong Inc. manufactures snowsuits. Hillsong is considering purchasing a new sewing machine at a cost of $2.45 million. Its existing machine was purchased five years ago at a price of $1.8 million; six months ago, Hillsong spent $55,000 to keep it operational. The existing sewing machine can be sold today for $240,438. The new sewing machine would require a one-time, $85,000 training cost. Operating costs would decrease by the following amounts for years 1 to 7: Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 No $390,900 399,800 410,100 425,400 434,000 434,900 436,400 The new sewing machine would be depreciated according to the declining-balance method at a rate of 20%. The salvage value is expected to be $379,100. This new equipment would require maintenance costs of $94,000 at the end of the fifth year. The cost of capital is 9%. Click here to view the factor table. Use the net present value method to determine the following: (If net present value is negative then enter with negative sign preceding the number…Blossom Inc. manufactures snowsuits. Blossom is considering purchasing a new sewing machine at a cost of $2.45 million. Its existing machine was purchased 5 years ago at a price of $1.8 million; six months ago, Blossom spent $55,000 to keep it operational. The existing sewing machine can be sold today for $241,705. The new sewing machine would require a one-time, $85,000 training cost. Operating costs would decrease by the following amounts for years 1 to 7: " Year 1 $390,100 2 400,600 3 410,600 4 425,000 5 432,900 6 434,500 7 436,400 The new sewing machine would be depreciated according to the declining-balance method at a rate of 20%. The salvage value is expected to be $379,900. This new equipment would require maintenance costs of $94,600 at the end of the fifth year. The cost of capital is 9%. Click here to view the factor table. Use the net present value method to determine the following: (If net present value is negative then enter with negative sign preceding the number e.g.-45…Oriole Inc. manufactures snowsuits. Oriole is considering purchasing a new sewing machine at a cost of $2.45 million. Its existing machine was purchased 5 years ago at a price of $1.8 million; six months ago, Oriole spent $55,000 to keep it operational. The existing sewing machine can be sold today for $211,855. The new sewing machine would require a one-time, $85,000 training cost. Operating costs would decrease by the following amounts for years 1 to 7: Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 $390,600 399,400 411,000 425.900 432,000 434,600 436,400 The new sewing machine would be depreciated according to the declining-balance method at a rate of 20%. The salvage value is expected to be $379,400. This new equipment would require maintenance costs of $94,200 at the end of the fifth year. The cost of capital is 9%. Click here to view PV table
- Difend Cleaners has been considering the purchase of an industrial dry-cleaning machine. The existing machine is operable for three more years and will have a zero disposal price. If the machine is disposed now, it may be sold for $170,000. The new machine will cost $360,000 and an additional cash investment in working capital of $170,000 will be required. The new machine will reduce the average amount of time required to wash clothing and will decrease labor costs. The investment is expected to net $130,000 in additional cash inflows during the first year of acquisition and $290,000 each additional year of use. The new machine has a three-year life, and zero disposal value. These cash flows will generally occur throughout the year and are recognized at the end of each year. Income taxes are not considered in this problem. The working capital investment will not be recovered at the end of the asset's life. What is the net present value of the investment, assuming the required rate of…An automobile manufacturer is considering a change in an assembly line that should save moneyby reducing labor and material cost. The change involves the installation of four new robots thatwill automatically install windshields. The cost of the four robots, including installation and initial programming, is $400,000. Current practice is to amortize the initial cost of robots over two years on a straight-line basis. The process engineer estimates that one full-time technician will be needed to monitor, maintain, and reprogram the robots on an ongoing basis. This person will cost approximately $60,000 per year. Currently, the company uses four full-time employees on this job and each makes about $52,000 per year. One of these employees is a material handler, and this person will still be needed with the new process. To complicate matters, the process engineer estimates that the robots will apply the windshield sealing material in a manner that will result in a savings of $0.25 per…Axdew Limited is considering whether to manufacture an improved, more expensive version of their current line of best-selling lava lamps. Axdew currently spends $15,000 per year on maintenance and $80,000 on full-time salaries for staff. Maintenance costs are expected to remain the same but an additional labourer will need to be hired at an annual cost of $30,000. Manufacture of the newer version will require re-tooling of its existing machinery at a cost of $40,000. Axdew paid consultants a fee of $30,000 for a feasibility study to determine the viability of the new product. Which of the costs discussed above need to be considered by management in deciding whether to proceed with the new product? Justify your answer.
