9. Januvia is the trade name for sitagliptin, a drug that increases the body's ability to lower blood sugar levels, and thus it was introduced in 2006 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (a) Explain why the fi ve-membered ring in sitagliptin is aromatic. (b) Determine the hybridization of each N atom. (c) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N atom reside? CF3 F NH2 Ô sitagliptin

9. Januvia is the trade name for sitagliptin, a drug that increases the body's ability to lower blood sugar levels, and thus it was introduced in 2006 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (a) Explain why the fi ve-membered ring in sitagliptin is aromatic. (b) Determine the hybridization of each N atom. (c) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N atom reside? CF3 F NH2 Ô sitagliptin

Organic Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305080485

Author:John E. McMurry

Publisher:John E. McMurry

Chapter24: Amines And Heterocycles

Section24.9: Heterocyclic Amines

Problem 20P: Draw an orbital picture of thiazole. Assume that both the nitrogen and sulfur atoms are...

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Januvia, the trade name for sitagliptin, was introduced in 2006 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (a) Explain why the five-membered ring in sitagliptin is aromatic. (b) Determine the hybridization of each N atom. (c) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N atom reside? CF3 óza NH₂ sitagliptin F
Januvia, the trade name for sitagliptin, was introduced in 2006 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (a) Explain why the five-membered ring in sitagliptin is aromatic. (b) Determine the hybridization of each N atom. (c) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N atom reside?
(a) How is each N atom in quinine, an effective antimalarial drug that reduces fever, hybridized? (b) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N reside?
The unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is largely due to cucumber aldehyde. (a) How many sp² hybridized carbon atoms does cucumber aldehyde contain? (b) What is the hybridization of the O atom? (c) What orbitals are used to form the carbon-oxygen double bond? (d) How many o bonds does cucumber aldehyde contain? (e) How many bonds does it contain? and -gle 120° M Sp² hundre bond and I doule cucumber aldehyde H
The unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is largely due to cucumber aldehyde. (a) How many sp2 hybridizedcarbon atoms does cucumber aldehyde contain? (b) What is the hybridization of the O atom? (c) What orbitals are used toform the carbon–oxygen double bond? (d) How many s bonds does cucumber aldehyde contain? (e) How many p bondsdoes it contain?
H genistein HO, H H : ОН HO, H (a) Is the hybridization of each C in the right-most ring the same? Explain. (b) Is the hybridization of the O atoms in/on the center ring the same as that of the O atoms in the OH groups? Explain. (c) How many carbon-oxygen o-bonds are there in genistein? How many carbon-oxygen n-bonds? (d) Do all the lone pairs on the oxygens occupy the same type of hybrid orbital? Explain by labeling the hybridization of each oxygen atom in genistein.
8. (a) How is each N atom in quinine, an effective antimalarial drug that reduces fever, hybridized? (b) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N reside? H- HO H CH30. quinine
For each of the following structures, determine the hybridization requested and whether the electrons will be delocalized: (a) Hybridization of each carbon н :0: Н | || | Н—с—с——н H. (b) Hybridization of sulfur (c) All atoms EN: H.
Januvia, the trade name for sitagliptin, was introduced in 2006 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (a) In what type of orbital does the lone pair on each N atom reside?
Among the most common over-the-counter drugs you might find in a medicine cabinet are mild pain relievers such ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). H3C он HO, Ibuprofen Naproxen (a) How many sp3-hybridized carbons does each molecule have? (b) How many sp2-hybridized carbons does each molecule have? (c) Can you spot any similarities in their structures?
(a)The concept of hybridization was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1931, that explain about the concept of mixing orbitals to form new hybrid orbital suitable for the pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds. Draw the kekule structure of a compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms that has: (1) One sp hybridize carbon, two sp? hybridized carbons and two sp hybridized carbon (ii) Two sp' hybridized carbon and two sp hybridized carbons (ii) Two sp? hybidized carbons and two sp hybydized carbon
Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid found in many vegetable oils, such as soy, peanut, and cottonseed. A key structural feature of the molecule is the cis orientation around its two double bonds, where R1 and R2 represent two different groups that form the rest of the molecule. (a) How many different compounds are possible, changing only the cis-trans arrangements around these two double bonds? (b) How many are possible for a similar compound with three double bonds?

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