4. For the following sets of compounds, place the compounds in order of increasing acidity, and justify your answer. (a) CI HO, I II II IV (b) Br OH `OH HO, CI Br I II III IV (c) CI HO, CI CI II IV II
Can i get help with this problem please
Carboxylic acids are acidic in nature. The hydrogen attached with the oxygen atom of carboxylic acid can be removed as a proton.
The acidity of a compound depends on the proton donating power of the compound. If the compound donates proton easily than it will be more acidic.
Carboxylic acid donates a proton and forms carboxylate ion. The stability of carboxylate ion is increased by resonance in carboxylate ion.
If an electronegative atom is attached with carboxylic acid the stability of carboxylate ion increases and acidity of carboxylic acid also increases.
Chlorine is a highly electronegative atom. If chlorine atom attached with the carboxylic acid, the acidity of a carboxylic acid will increase.
The acidity of carboxylic acid affected by two factors:
- The number of chlorine atoms attached: if the number of chlorine atoms increases the acidity also increases.
- The distance of the chlorine atom: as the distance of the chlorine atom from the carboxylic group increases, the acidity will be decreased.
In compound III three chlorine atoms are present this it is most acidic. No chlorine atom is present in compound I thus it is least acidic. The increasing order of acidity is as follows:
I < II < IV < III
Step by step
Solved in 5 steps
