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- 1. Draw and describe the possible result that may be observed on an agar plate that utilized a 4-streak quadrant method for isolation WITHOUT the conduct of proper aseptic techniques Source of inoculum: Tap water Characteristic of colony: Yellow, circular colony with entire margin and convex elevation Answer: 2. Using your fingers, you are asked to aseptically touch the surface of a sterile agar plate. Illustrate the possible result from this step if your fingers are (a) unwashed – touched various things prior to placing on agar surface, and (b) washed with soap or disinfected with 70% alcohol. Describe the relative abundance of microbial growth observed on the plates. Unwashed WashedHi, I am working on qPCR quantification for specific bacteria. However, when the CT value achieve greater than 30, it always shown high CT value differences in my duplication no matter I repeat the same set of experiment for those samples with low quality. My question is, what makes this happening? The other question is, how many CT value differences is acceptable for duplication?A phagehunter performs a spot titer using standard techniques (3 ul of each dilution spotted to lawn) of a lysate obtained from an optimum webbed plate experiment. The phagehunter counts 8 plaques on the 10-7 dilution spot. Which of the following scenarios is the best choice for the phagehunter to do next? a.) The phagehunter has not achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments, so they should go back to the pick-a-plaque experiment. b.) The phagehunter has not achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments, so they should adopt a phage from direct isolation. c.) The phagehunter has not achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments, so they should try to make more optimum webbed plates. d.) The phagehunter has achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments.
- A phagehunter performs a spot titer using standard techniques (3 ul of each dilution spotted to lawn) of a lysate obtained from an optimum webbed plate experiment. The phagehunter counts 4 plaques on the 10-8 dilution spot. Which of the following scenarios is the best choice for the phagehunter to do next? a.) The phagehunter has not achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments, so they should try to make more optimum webbed plates. b.) The phagehunter has not achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments, so they should adopt a phage from direct isolation. c.) The phagehunter has achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments. d.) The phagehunter has not achieved a high enough titer lysate to move forward with characterization experiments, so they should go back to the pick-a-plaque experiment.PCR tests are becoming more prevalent as a standard for testing for bacterial or viral disease. Describe how PCR would be used in place of a growth culture for Strep throat and why this would be advantageous.explain how the following genotypic andphenotypic methods of microbe identification is done. Use diagrams or schematic representations to explain yourwork. 1. Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)2. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS)
- What are the basic differences between the three plating methods? Fill up the following table. Streak Pour Spread Equipment/ Materials used in immobilizing and separating cells Purpose(s) (isolation, enumeration, both) Type of colonies (surface, subsurface, both) Advantage Disadvantageexplain how the following genotypic andphenotypic methods of microbe identification is done. Use diagrams or schematic representations to explain yourwork. (1) Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)(2) Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)(3) Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS)(4) Gram Staining(5) Biochemical Reactions: Multiple Tube Fermentation Technique(6) Biochemical Reactions: IMViC TestWhat are the different manufacturing methods of Suppositories dosage form? Explain heat molding process using flow chart. Please explain at your own words.
- You have used morphological observations and biochemical tests to identify two unknown bacterial isolates in your practical sessions, briefly describe three other techniques that can be used to identify unknown bacteria (you can use any reliable online resources). Note: These must not be based on biochemical tests (enzyme use, acid production etc) or morphological characteristics (size, shape, structures).During the Lederberg and Tatum experiment, theresearchers compared the growth of mutant strains under twoscenarios: mixed strains or unmixed strains. When the unmixedstrains were plated on the experimental growth medium, whywere no colonies observed to grow? When the mixed strainswere plated on the experimental growth medium, 10 colonieswere observed. What was the significance of these colonies?You are tasked with cultivating the following microorganisms:A recombinant strain of E. coliA wild strain of Streptomyces clavuligerus• Suggest a storage method for each microorganism and justify your choice. You have at your disposal a refrigerator and an ultrafreezer, in addition to materials and conditions for handling microorganisms.• Propose a culture medium for each (choose a complex medium for one organism and a synthetic medium for the other)As a complement of nutrients, they must be indicated on the following scale: +++ : above 5 g/L++ : from 1 to 5 g/L+ : below 1 g/L• Describe the procedure for preparing and sterilizing the components of the culture media for a volume of 5.0 L• Make a bench process selection scheme, up to the step of selecting a benchtop reactor 5 L.