Answered: 1. Why is saltatory conduction along a…

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1. Why is saltatory conduction along a myelinated axon faster than continuous conduction along an unmyelinated axon?

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter39: Information Flow And The Neuron

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8TYK: Which of the following statements best describes saltatory conduction? a. It inhibits direct...

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1. Why is saltatory conduction along a myelinated
axon faster than continuous conduction along
an unmyelinated axon?

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Which of the following statements best describes saltatory conduction? a. It inhibits direct neurotransmitter release. b. It transmits the action potential at the nodes of Ranvier andthus speeds up impulses on myelinated axons. c. It increases neurotransmitter release at the presynapticmembrane. d. It decreases neurotransmitter uptake at chemically gatedpostsynaptic channels. e. It removes neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.
Glia that provide myelin for neurons in the brain are called _____________. Schwann cells oligodendrocytes microglia astrocytes
View the University of Michigan Webscope (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nervefiber) to see an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a myelinated nerve fiber. The axon contains microtubules and neurofilaments, bounded by a plasma membrane known as the axolemma. Outside the plasma membrane of the axon is the myelin sheath, which is composed of the tightly wrapped plasma membrane of a Schwann cell. What aspects of the cells in this image react with the stain that makes them the deep, dark, black color, such as the multiple layers that are the myelin sheath?
7. How do absolute and relative refractory periods contribute to the unidirectionality of an action potential? What would happen if a stimulating electrode placed halfway down an axon artificially depolarized a cell above threshold? Would an action potential be stimulated and what direction would it travel, to axon terminal, cell body, or both? Explain
25) During the refractory Period sodium ions (Na*) are pumped out of the neuron. potassium ions (K*) are pumped into the neuron. proteins are pumped out of the neuron' Both a and "b" are correct'
4. a) In the diagram below, decide which side represents the inside of the axon and which represents the outside of the axon when it is not conducting an impulse. O Sodium ions (+) Potassium ions(+)
1) Draw a pseudo-unipolar neuron synapsing onto a dendrite on a multi-polar neuron. Label the cell body on both neurons and the synaptic cleft. 2) Draw a typical neuron and the relative ion concentrations (high or low) for Na+ and K+ inside and outside the cell. 3) If a cation channel suddenly opened at rest which direction would K+ move and why? Which way would Na+ ions move? 2
2) If potassium channels in a neuron were blocked, would it be possible to produce an action potential? If so, describe the probable appearance of these parts of a graph: threshold, rising phase, peak, falling phase, undershoot. If not, explain.
If a neuron is stimulated simultaneously by 2 stimuli at its dendrites (one generates a very large hyperpolarizing potential and the other generates a very small depolarizing potential). What would happen to this neuron? Group of answer choices The summation of these two graded potentials will generate an action potential and this action potential will travel down the axon. Summation of these two graded potentials will cause the membrane potential at the axon hillock to be more negative. These graded potentials will bring the resting membrane potential to 0 mV. These graded potentials with opposite polarity would therefore generate two action potentials and they will travel along this neuron in opposite direction.
Two separate post-synaptic interneurons receive synaptic potentials from afferent neurons in the periphery. The dendrites of one these interneurons receive an excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP) and an inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) of equal magnitude at the same time. The dendrites of the other interneuron receive one excitatory post-synaptic potential that is the same sized as the EPSP and IPSP received by the other interneuron
Excitatory neurons A and B both synapse with neuron C. Neuron A releasesa neurotransmitter, and neuron B releases the same type and amount ofneurotransmitter plus a neuromodulator that produces EPSPs in neuron C.Action potentials produced in neuron A alone can result in action potentialproduction in neuron C. Action potentials produced in neuron B alone alsocan cause action potential production in neuron C. Which results in moreaction potentials in neuron C, stimulation by only neuron A or stimulationby only neuron B? Explain.
8. Label the following diagram with the terms: sensory neuron, sensory receptor, interneuron, motor neuron, effector, axon, dendrite, cell body, Schwann cell, node of Ranvier. Note that some terms may be used more than once. The 3 main types of Neurons