The Five Factor Model Of Personality

The five-factor model is a common ground between Raymond Cattell’s 16 personality factor and Hans Eysenck’s three-factor theory. The five-factor model was designed by Robert McCrae and Paul Costa. The five-factor model consist of five different main personality traits known as the big five. Personality is fundamental traits, or characteristic behaviors and conscious motives. The five personality traits are extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and neuroticism. These are also known as OCEAN. These traits are used to predict individual’s attitude and behavior. Each factor characterizes the level between two extremes. Openness is creativity, intelligence, perceptive, flexibility, imaginative, the and the ability to try new things (Fuhrman, 2015). Conscientiousness is to be future oriented, organized, and goal driven. Extraversion is warmness fun-loving, sociable, affectionate, and optimistic emotionality. Agreeableness is nurturing, emotionally supportive, and trustworthy. Neuroticism is commonly characterized by stress, anxiety, and depression as well as secure, calm and self-satisfied. Researchers believe that environmental and biological factors can influence individual’s personality. These traits are stable but can change over time. People become more conscientiousness and agreeable as they get older, and less neurotic, open, and extraverted. The outcome of clinical studies and research settings can be guessed using these five personality traits (Ilie,

Feist, J., Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T. (2013). Theories of personality (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

As many traits exist among humans, it will be discussed as to how traits differ between individuals, and how the combination and interaction of various traits forms a personality that is unique to each individual.

the five personality factor theory, as well as the theories on which it is based.

Personality assessment instruments continue to be widely uses by the public and widely examined by the public. Since the early 20th century a number of personality instruments have been very useful in

McCrae &Costa’s Five-Factor model of personality has become the dominant conception of personality structure (1985, 1987, and 1997). The Big Five Personality traits are said to be predictive of some kinds of behaviour such as honesty, job performance, and procrastination.

One of the more prominent models in contemporary psychology is what is known as the five-factor model of personality. This theory incorporates five different variables into a conceptual model for describing personality. These five different factors are often referred

"Individuals are often confronted with situations in which they only have very little information about the persons they have to interact with; to handle such situations, have been shown to spontaneously form first impressions in an extremely fast manner" (Walker & Vetter, 2016, p. 609). Personality allows an individual to obtain a specific amount of information about the person as a whole. Within this paper, one will discuss each trait originated under the five factor model, extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. One will also discuss the traits that are possessed when scores from a personality test are revealed.

Everyone has a personality, of course, but until fairly recently, there were no personality theories available to help understand what factors contribute to its development. In recent years, though, personality theories such as McCrae and Costa's Big Five and Schwartz's theory of basic values have been advanced for these purposes. To gain some deeper insights into these issues, this paper presents a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature to provide a definition of personality and an examination of theoretical approaches to studying personality. Finally, an analysis of those factors that may influence an individual's personality development is followed by a summary of the research and important findings concerning personality theory in the conclusion.

The five-factor model (FFM), or the Big Five, is a comprehensive descriptive personality theory that explains and categorizes personality traits into five dimensions that provide comprehension of an individual’s personality (Huffman & Dowdell, 2015, p. 419). The five factors are as follows:

Describe the five (5) factor theory of personality development. Discuss its relevant to today’s society.

The five-factor model (FFM) of personality is a prominent model in psychology to study and understand individual personality. It is based on believes that an individual’s personality can be defined by traits such as human behaviour, patterns of thought, which are stable across an individual’s lifespan.

in his book “Dimensions of Personality” Eysenck (1947) proposed a three factor personality model. Other proponents of the trait based model of personality was Allport, (1961) who divided personality into cardinal traits, central traits and secondary traits. According to Allport, the cardinal traits are most important as an individual’s main life choices are determined by these traits. The Central traits determine the rules for daily interactions and most people have five to ten central traits. Finally, the secondary traits are occasional attributes that are displayed only under special

I apply the five-factor model on my elder brother who also interesting on his personality. The five factors, which are extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, agreeableness, openness, were found repeatedly in a wide range of instruments, samples, and data sources. It possess validity and reliability and to remain stable throughout adulthood relatively. That is the reasons why I choose the five-factor model for this assignment.

The five factor model personality theory states that an individual's personality consists of five general traits. These traits are extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness (King, 2016, pg. 475). Each of the traits are put in a certain order according to how they appear from the factor analysis (King, 2016, pg. 475). Factor analysis is a method that researchers used to group together similar traits which are used to describe personality (King, 2016, pg. 475). In the trait sequence, neuroticism is the first trait and it is the trait that describes a pessimistic personality or someone who lacks confidence and a positive mindset (King, 2016, pg. 476). Extraversion is the opposite trait of neuroticism and is the trait that individuals who are social and able to interact well with others portray (King, 2016, pg. 476). Openness is being receptive to various creative views and the ability to express oneself in a unique, individualistic manner (King, 2016, pg. 476). The agreeableness trait describes a personality aspect where the individual is dedicated to good deeds and believes in the potential that people have to be good (King, 2016, pg. 476). The last trait of the five factor model theory is conscientiousness which is the trait is used to describe an individual who is dependable and attentive to their actions (King, 2016, pg. 477).