PSY 637 Final Paper

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637

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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1 Final Exam Carolina Walker Pepperdine University Psychology 637 Professor Parker September 20, 2023

2 Final Exam Intake Interview: Additional Areas of Information and Rapport. In the case of Katrina, I would seek additional, more detailed information on various aspects. One of the first points would be Katrina's social and emotional environment at school, that is, how her academic and behavioral problems affect her interactions with peers and teachers. It would also be pertinent to investigate further family dynamics, including her relationship with her younger brother, as the family environment may influence her emotional state and behavior. Likewise, I would need information about the coping strategies that Katrina has been using to deal with her emotional distress. No less important, it is necessary to evaluate whether Katrina presents risks of self-harm or dangerous behavior towards herself or others since aggression towards other students is mentioned. Still, it is unclear if there is a risk of self-harm. It would also be valuable to understand more about her current disinterest in activities that previously brought her pleasure to assess the level of anhedonia, a significant symptom of depression. To build a trusting relationship with Katrina, addressing her initial lack of trust in the therapeutic process and with authority figures is crucial. Establishing clear boundaries with Katrina and confidentiality in the therapeutic process would be essential to assure her that the space is safe and that she knows she will not be required to do what to do but will work collaboratively on her problems. Later, more information will be collected through the interview, but I will also seek to facilitate the change in Katrina's perception of the situation and her problems. To accomplish this, you could use open-ended, thought-provoking questions that allow

3 Katrina to express herself on her terms. At the same time, more structured questions would be needed to ensure that all clinical elements necessary for a comprehensive assessment are addressed. Formal rating scales could be reserved for later points in therapy once a trusting relationship has been established. The approach must be flexible and adapt to Katrina's verbal and non-verbal cues, always seeking to balance gathering clinical information with building a solid and reliable rapport. Case Formulation Katrina shows depressive symptoms, oppositional behavior, and conflicts at school and in her family environment. This was aggravated after discovering her father's extramarital affair, which led to a decline in his academic performance and a loss of interest in activities that previously brought her pleasure. Treatment goals 1. Emotional Regulation and Reduction of Depressive Symptoms: The first goal is to help Katrina improve her emotional regulation and reduce her depressive symptoms. This is critical given her clinical presentation of depression and oppositional behavior. 2. Development of Communication and Conflict Resolution Skills: Katrina faces conflicts with her mother and classmates. Therefore, it is essential to work on developing practical communication skills and conflict resolution techniques. 3. Improved Academic Achievement and Attendance: Since Katrina has shown a decline in her academic performance, a key goal is to enhance her engagement and performance in school.

4 4. Revitalized Interest in Activities: Katrina has lost interest in activities that brought her pleasure. One goal would be to explore and rekindle her interest in activities contributing to her well-being and self-actualization. Clinical Hypotheses under the lens of the Humanistic approach ● Katrina could be living incongruently with her values and emotions, causing her emotional distress. ● Katrina feels that she is not heard and understood, especially by her mother and teachers, which impairs her ability to trust people. ● The client's family history suggests that the forms of love and acceptance she has experienced have been conditional, which could affect her self-esteem and self-respect. Therapeutic Plan ● Create a safe therapeutic environment where Katrina can explore and understand her emotions without feeling judged. ● Encourage using reflection techniques so that Katrina can understand her feelings and behaviors. ● Use family therapy to address communication and trust issues between Katrina and her mother. ● Implement strategies to cope with anger and improve interpersonal relationships. ● Explore options such as academic counseling to regain Katrina's interest in school and other cultural or sports activities that provide distraction. Methods/Measures to evaluate treatment results 1. Self-Report scales: Using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to evaluate depressive symptoms.

5 2. Behavioral observation and direct feedback: Sessions with Katrina and her mother will allow for direct observation of behavior and interactions, offering opportunities to make therapeutic adjustments. 3. Periodic reviews and treatment plan adjustments: Regular reviews will be held with Katrina and her mother to evaluate progress and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. 4. Analysis of goals and objectives: At each stage of treatment, a detailed analysis must be made of the extent to which the established goals and objectives have been achieved. This will include both quantitative and qualitative measures. 5. Feedback from teachers and school counselors: Considering that school is one of the contexts where Katrina faces challenges, feedback from teachers and school counselors will also be crucial in evaluating progress. 6. Self-assessment and reflection: As part of the humanistic approach, Katrina will be encouraged to engage in self-assessment and reflection, recognizing that she is the expert of her own experience. This plan addresses the underlying causes and overt symptoms of Katrina's malaise. Her main idea is to give her a space to discover and accept herself, feeling love and calm. Hypotheses and treatment objectives are designed to provide a coherent justification for each component of the therapeutic plan. Rating scales self-reports will be implemented to monitor depressive symptoms and progress in anger coping skills. Regular check-ins with Katrina and her mother will help adjust the plan to the client's needs, as Katrina is the expert on her experience and therapeutic process. Clinical Hypotheses under the lens of the Humanistic Approach

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