Lab 3 - Ohm's Law
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Apr 3, 2024
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ELN9104
Lab 3 – Ohm’s Law
Purpose:
The purpose of this lab is to apply Ohm’s Law and to learn how to measure current using a digital multimeter (DMM).
Materials and Equipment:
5 resistors, chosen to meet specifications
1 47Ω resistor
1 red LED
1 1869 incandescent bulb – rated to 10V
Breadboard
Banana cables
Alligator clips
2 digital multimeters
DC power supply
Procedure:
LED Circuit
1.
Complete the following calculations to determine the resistor values needed for the LED circuit.
a.
The LED requires 1.7V across to turn on. Using KVL, calculate the voltage across the resistor using the circuit in schematic 1.
2.
Using your value for V
R , and the current values in Table 1, calculate the resistors needed to achieve the desired current values. Table 1
Target current (mA)
Calculated resistance (Ω)
Resistance value used -rated (Ω)
Resistance value used - measured(Ω
)
Measured
current
(mA)
V
R
(V)
V
LED
(V)
Brightness of
LED
0.3
11000
10000
9810
0.3
3.26
1.74
Dim
1.0
3300
3300
3270
1.03
2.88
1.94
Bright
4.5
733.3
780
667
4.2
2.85
1.90
Bright
9
366.7
330
327
8.8
2.92
1.96
Bright
18
183.3
160
159
13
2.90
2.02
Bright
V
R
If V
s
= 5V and the V
LED = 1.7V, calculate V
R
V
R= 3.3V
Schematic 1
V
LED
ELN9104
Lab 3
3.
Look at the resistors in your kit and choose a resistor that is close to the calculated resistance. Measure this resistor and record these values in Table 1.
4.
Build the circuit shown in Schematic 1 with the first resistor listed in Table 1. Note: the LED is a polarized component, which means that it has a positive side and a negative side, and will only light up if it’s connected as shown in Schematic 1. See Image 1 for details on how to identify the positive and the negative side of an LED. 1
5.
Starting with a source voltage of 0V, slowly increase the voltage until the LED turns on. Measure the voltage across the LED and the resistor and record the values here: V
S
V
R
V
LED
6.
Set up one of the digital multimeters to measure current by placing it in series with the DC power supply. See Image 2 for details.
7.
Apply the required voltage to the circuit and measure total current and the voltage across each component, record the values in Table 1.
8.
Repeat step 7 for each resistor value.
9.
Plot current vs resistance using MS Excel or by hand in the space below. Your plot should be well
labeled and scaled appropriately for the space provided.
1
[1]How to identify terminal leads. Accessed: May 22, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.make-
it.ca/3mm-led-specifications/
Imag
e 1 [1]
Image 2: how to connect the ammeter to measure total current Connect the following:
The positive of the power supply to the positive of the ammeter
The negative of the ammeter to the positive of the circuit
The negative of the circuit to the negative of the power supply
ELN9104
Lab 3
Incandescent Bulb Circuit
10.
Measure the resistance of the 47Ω resistor and the bulb. Record the measured values in Table 2.
Table 2
component
Listed value (Ω)
Measured value (Ω)
Resistor
47 Ω
46.8
Bulb (cold bulb)
105
114
11.
Connect the circuit as shown in Schematic 2.
Current vs Resistance
Current (mA)
Resistance (Ω)
Sch
ematic 2
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