M5 Exam

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Chemistry

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Jan 9, 2024

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QuesƟon 1 (Chapter 4.1): Show the determinaƟon of the charge on the ion formed by the Se34 atom, the As33 atom and the Ge32 atom. Answer: Se34 (nonmetal = gain electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4 gain 2e → Se-2 As33 (nonmetal = gain electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p3 gain 3 → As-3 Ge32 (metal = lose electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 lose 4 → Ge+4 QuesƟon 2: (a) H = 2.1 Li = 1.0 Be = 1.5 B = 2.0 C = 2.5 N = 3.0 O= 3.5 F = 4.0 Na = 1.0 Mg = 1.2 Al = 1.5 Si = 1.8 P = 2.1 S = 2.5 Cl = 3.0 K = 0.8 Ca = 1.0 Ga = 1.6 Ge = 1.8 As = 2.0 Se = 2.4 Br = 2.8 Using the electronegaƟviƟes from the table above, show the determinaƟon of the polarity of each different type of bond in the following molecule: H C=O | H Answer: H-C bond electronegaƟvity difference = 2.5 - 2.1 = 0.4 <0.5 (bond is Nonpolar) C-O bond electronegaƟvity difference = 3.5 - 2.5 = 1.0 1.6 - 0.5 (bond is Polar) (b) Using the electronegaƟvity values from the equaƟon bank, show the determinaƟon of the polarity of each different type of bond in the following molecules: 1) H−O−Cl−O |
O 2) H−C≡N Answer: 1) Cl-O bond electronegativity difference = 3.5 - 3.0 = 0.5 (1.6 - 0.5 bond is Polar) H-O bond electronegativity difference = 3.5 - 2.1 = 1.4 (1.6 - 0.5 bond is Polar) 2) C≡N bond electronegaঞvity difference = 3.0 - 2.5 = 0.5 (1.6 - 0.5 bond is Polar) H-C bond electronegativity difference = 2.5 - 2.1 = 0.4 (< 0.5 bond is Nonpolar) QuesƟon 3 (Chapter 4.3): Choose the correct Lewis structure for ClO3 -1 from the opƟons listed below. a) .. .. .. -1 O::Cl:O .. .. .. :O: .. b) .. .. .. -1 O:Cl:O .. .. .. :O: .. c) .. .. .. -1 O:Cl::O .. .. .. :O: .. d) .. .. .. -1 O::Cl::O .. .. .. :O: .. Answer : opƟon B QuesƟon 4: choose the correct Lewis structure for H2SO3 from the opƟons listed below. a) .. .. .. b) .. .. ..
H:O::S:O:H .. .. .. :O: .. H:O:S::O:H .. .. :O: .. c) .. .. .. H:O:S::O:H .. .. .. :O: .. d) .. .. .. H:O:S:O:H .. .. .. :O: .. Answer: opƟon D QuesƟon 5 (Chapter 4.4): (a) Determine the electron geometry and explain your answer for the Si atom in SiH4. Answer: The Si atom in SiH4 has 4 groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore, its electron geometry would be tetrahedral. (b) Determine the electron geometry and explain your answer for one of the C atoms in H2CCH2. Answer: Each C atom in H2CCH2 has 3 groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore its electron geometry would be triangular planar. Answer: a) 4 Groups of electrons around P = Tetrahedral Electron Geometry Tetrahedral Electron Geometry = sp3 HybridizaƟon of P 3 atoms around central Tetrahedral atom = Triangular pyramid shape P-H bond (2.1-2.1) is nonpolar = all nonpolar bonds = Nonpolar molecular polarity b) 2 Groups of electrons around C = Linear Electron Geometry Linear Electron Geometry = sp HybridizaƟon of C 2 atoms around central Linear atom = Linear shape
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