SESSION2 Final Notes
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Session 2 (Chemistry of Life and Organ System)
Organ System
Integumentary System
Skin
Protection
Vitamin D
Maintain Homeostasis
Contains sensory receptors
Helps maintain temperature
Skeletal Systems
Provides attachment for muscles
Hematopoiesis
Stores calcium
Muscular System
Skeletal Muscle - voluntary,
cardiac Muscle - striations and involuntarily,
Smooth Muscles - visceral non-striated and involuntary
Movement
Heat Production
Storage of Carbohydrates
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth Muscles
Nervous System
Control of body functions using nerve impulses/action potentials/depolarization
Endocrine System (Study the location of the organs)
Control of body functions using hormones
Most use negative feedback
Cardiovascular
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Transport of nutrients
Transport of waste
Lymphatic System
Fluid Balance
Immunity with biological filtration
Respiratory System
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Mechanisms to help control pH
Digestive System
Break down foods
Absorbs nutrients
Eliminates waste
Urinary System
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Elimination of waste
Mechanisms to help maintain pH
Male reproductive System (produce testosterone - interstitial cells)
Procreation
Hormones for developmental and maintenance
of male and female characteristics
Female Reproductive System More complex than male reproductive system
Quiz#2
1.
Subatomic particles - proton, neutron, electron
2.
Concerning about acid - less than pH 7
3.
A solution with a pH of 5 - is an acid and more OH- than a solution with a pH of 4
4.
Example of disaccharide - sucrose
5.
Primary function of cardiovascular system - transport
6.
Formula for oxygen gas is O2, this means it is: a Molecule
7.
Ionic bonds - produce ions when dissolved in water
8.
Water - most abundant inorganic compound in the body, found both in and around cells of the body
9.
Liver cells and muscle cells are able to store chains of glucose in a molecule called: glycogen
10. Organic Compounds: fats (lipids), RNA, polysaccharides (Carbohydrates)
11. Organs help maintain the proper pH of body fluids: kidneys by reabsorbing or secreting H+ and OH- and lungs adjusting to CO2
12. Part of the digestive system …
13. Voluntary movement occurs when: skeletal muscle contracts
14. Nervous system performs the same general function as the: Endocrine System
15. Tiny, wall-sacs in the lungs are called: Alveoli
16. Urine flows through the organs of the urinary systems in sequence of: Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
17. The electrons are found in orbitals around nucleus: TRUE
18. Elements are pure substances: TRUE
19. Acids produce an excess of H+ ions: TRUE
20. A tissue is a group of different types of organs that function together to perform a specific function: FALSE
21. The skeletal system assists in the formation of blood cells: TRUE
22. Gallbladder is an accessory organ of the digestive system: TRUE
23. Iron and calcium are both important minerals stored in bone: FALSE
24. Lymph is formed from the spleen: False
25. Sperm and ova are similar in that they both are sex cells: True
Matching Match the following definitions with the appropriate
word E
1
. A substance composed of more than one type of element A.
Proton B.
Neutron C.
Atomic mass
D.
Atomic number E.
Compound F.
Covalent bond G.
Buffer H.
Electrolytes H
2
. When an ionic compound dissociates in water it
forms these A
3
. A subatomic particle with a positive charge G
4
. A substance that resists a change in pH C
5
. The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom D
6
. The number of protons in an atom B
7
. A subatomic particle with no charge F
8
. A bond formed when
electrons are shared Multiple Choice Select the best answer from the choices provided 1.
High levels of radiation can cause a.
normal cells to multiply rapidly b.
the destruction of normal cells only c.
destruction of cancer cells only d.
none of the above 2.
Which of the following is a structured lipid found in cell membranes? a.
peptide b.
prostaglandin c.
enzymes d.
phospholipid 3.
Name for atoms of the same element but with different atomic weights. a.
isotopes b.
base pairs c.
hormones d.
none of the above 4.
Which of the following organs is classified as an
accessory organ of the digestive system? a. mouth b.
esophagus c.
tongue d.
anal canal 5.
Factors in the environment such as heat, light, pressure, and temperature that can be recognized
by the nervous system are called a. effectors b.
stimuli c.
receptors d.
nerve impulses 6.
What is undigested material in the gastrointestinal tract called? a.
feces b.
urine c.
lymph d.
blood 7.
Which body system produces heat and maintains body posture? a.
endocrine b.
muscular c.
circulatory d.
skeletal 8.
Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system?
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Related Questions
Which of the following activities would represent a physiological study?
Multiple Choice
Observing the structure of the interior of the heart
Viewing muscle tissue through a microscope
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1- What is the reason for the increase in the body temperature?
2- Explain the relationship between sweating and body temperature and the significance of this feedback.
3- Identify the type of feedback system in this specific example, and define this feedback system.
4- Identify all the components of this particular feedback system and specify the body structures that represent each of these components.
5- Define each component of a feedback system according to whal you learned in your book.
Use the Terminology that you learned whenever applicable to answer the discussion. Some online research will be helpful as well.
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improves sex life and promotes good sleep. The physical activity is usually accompanied by increase in body temperature and sweating:
1- What is the reason for the increase in the body temperature?
2- Explain the relationship between sweating and body temperature and the significance of this feedback.
3- Identify the type of feedback system in this specific example, and define this feedback system.
4- Identify all the components of this particular feedback system and specify the body structures that represent each of these components.
5- Define each component of a feedback system according to what you learned in your book.
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Legrning Tosk 7: Read and answer the given questions after the lesson.
Homeostasis is the state reached when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts.
This is attained through the regulation of the bodily functions by the endocrine and nervous systems.
Most body system maintain homeostasis by using feedback mechanisms. When the brain receives
messages from the body about an internal change in ane of its systems, it works to restore the system to its
normal state. The levels of hormones in the body are controlled by feedback. It is important that the amount of
homeostasis in our body is kept at the right level. To achieve homeostasis, the nervous and endocrine systems
maintain a normal range of the following variables: body temperature, amount of water in the body, amounts of
metabollc wastes in the cell, blood calcium level, and hormones in the blood.
Guide Questions:
1. What is homeostasis?
2. What are the two important organ systems help to maintain…
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T/F question
Skeletal muscle tissue is under involuntary neurological control.
Neurons are the largest cells in the body.
A synapse is a component of cardiac muscle cells.
Homeostasis involves a negative feedback process.
The skull, backbone, and rib cage constitute the appendicular skeleton.
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The 5 X-ray densities
Air
OO
Fat
:
Soff Bone Metal
fissue
note : X-ray tissue densities: The greatest contrast is found in areas of greatest difference in density of
adjacent structures (red circle).
Contrast within the overall image depends on differences in both the density of structures in the body and
the thickness of those structures. The greater the difference in either density or thickness of two adjacent
structures leads to greater contrast between those structures within the image.
H.W:
Normal value of Intensity of bone, soft tissue, fat, air, metal (stainless steel, titanium alloy)
Scanned with CamScanner
3/3
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۳ نيسان
ar
Which of the following is true about body fluid ? (You can select more than one choice)
Synovial fluid is intracellular fluid in the joints.
Lymph is extracellular fluid in the blood vessels
Interstitial fluid is extracellular fluid between cells and tissues
Cytoplasm is extracellular fluid in blood.
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Homeostasis is the ability of our body to maintain our normal internal environment. What are the ways that you can do to help
your body in maintaining your normal temperature regulation,
osmotic balance and glucose levels?
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Which of the following statements relating to the necessary life functions is accurate?
movement of substances is facilitated by the skeletal muscles
skin provides the cellular boundary separating internal and external environments
wastes including urea, feces and carbon monoxide are removed from the body
all of the above
none of the above
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Down
1. Two word naming system.
Across
3. Entire organism made up of one cell.
genetic information.
8. BONUS
offspring by itself.
"sbu SUAH 19 0 Apnis cu 'S
evolutionary
showing
Family
relationships.
tree
13. Simplest cell that does not have a nucleus 10.
and membrane bound organellies.
15.
of complex 11. Study of evolutionary relationships.
UMop
The breaking
substances.
12. Smallest unit capable of all life functions
14. The building up of complex substances.
16. Change in a porulation over time.
17. Growth of a plant in response to the force
of gravity.
18. Bending of a plant when touched.
19. How the plant moves in response to the
light stimulus.
20. More complex cells that have a nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles.
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Which option is not true?
Functional MRI can be used to image metabolic activity
Ultrasound imaging uses radio waves to capture an image
PET relies on positrons and electrons
CT scanning produces multiple images of the inside of the body
What is not true regarding material properties?
A viscoelastic material exhibits viscous and elastic characteristics
Elasticity is the capacity of a strained material to recover after a deformation
A viscous material does not resist shear flow thus strain linearly when a stress is applied
When a material is permanently deformed it stops being elastic
What is true regarding cancer?
Cancer cells continue with normal cell communication but don’t specialize
Cancers at an invasive stage can dampen growth of blood vessels
Newest method to treat cancer is surgery
Radiation and chemotherapy are methods that are used to kill cancer cells
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How long you recommend study and take break in anatomy and physiology? Some good time management skills as a college student you recommend. Thank you :)
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Although your body systems interact to keep you healthy, sometimes problems can prevent them from working properly. Choose any disorder or disease (contagious, inherited, age-related, or otherwise) and describe how it can disrupt the human body’s normal function, including the systems, organs, cells, molecules, and/or processes involved.
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Match the description with the correct terminology
maintains a constant body temperature even when
external temperature changes
v [ Choose ]
poikilotherm
ectotherm
endotherm
external temperature sets the internal temperature
internal temperature constantly changes
[ Choose ]
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Based on the figure below, how many compartments are being assessed in the tests you selected?
Wagner and Heyward - 1999 - Techniques of Body Composition Assessment A Revie.pdf
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ACTIVITY 3 – WE ARE INTERDEPENDENT
Direction: Complete the table below by listing the body systems that interact together for each scenario described.
ANIMAL BODY SYSTEM
PURPOSE OF ANIMAL BODY SYSTEM
Lungs supply oxygen carried by the blood to cells of the body
Nutrients pass into the circulatory system to be carried to body cells
Kidneys remove wastes from blood
Movement of the diaphragm in breathing
Production of blood cells in bone marrow
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Daily movement and coordination
Pumping of the heart & blood
Chewing, swallowing and movement of food through the digestive
6.
7.
8.
tract
Pulmonary vein brings blood from the lugs back to the heart
Muscles in the leg cause the tibia and fibula bones to move upward
9.
10.
11-15. You have probably heard the saying “no man is an island," This saying means that each person depends on others
for many reasons. Inside the human body, this is also true. When you look at an object, what organ systems are making your
action possible? Make a…
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How do plants and animals regulate their body fluids? Why do you think body regulation is important for both plants and animals? [Limit answer to NOT more than 8 sentences. Be brief and concise].
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Identify
Name the described body systems and fill in the missing information. TEKS 7.12(B)
This system protects
and provides
to help the body keep its shape. It
also stores
such
to give it strength.
as
This system is made
different types of mu
musc
continually contracts
move
muscle works inside
the
to
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The main difference between ectotherms and endotherms is
how they obtain food to provide for their metabolism.
the source of their body heat.
whether they conserve or eliminate body heat.
whether they control their body temperature.
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"Needs Analysis" for a female
volleyball player (you will need to research the sport)!
Create a chart for your needs analysis include the following 3
areas (example below):
1. Energy systems
1. Which one(s) dominate?
2. Would this be aerobic or anaerobic?
2. Biomechanics-movement patterns, muscles, joints, and
physical needs of the sport such as;
3. Injury Risk:
Movement patterns--Press, pull, squat,
hinge, lunge, rotate
•Muscles recruited-Upper body, lower body,
core (state specific muscles: ex.deltoids)
•Muscle actions-Concentric, Eccentric,
Isometric
•Physical needs-power, strength, endurance,
hypertrophy
1. Common injury sites involved in this sport and mechanisms
for injury.
2. How will you know if the athlete is predisposed to an injury?
Female Volleyball
Player Needs Analysis
Metabolic Profile:
• Energy System
(s)-
• Anaerobic/Aerobic
Biomechanics:
⚫ main sporting
movements-
⚫ muscle and joint
actions/angle-
physical needs of
the sport-
Injury Risk:
• Injuries common
to sport
•…
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Which Part of body is responsible for body balance
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Which organ system is best described as follows; It includes the hypothalamus, thyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands and it functions to regulate body
growth, development and metabolism.
Reproductive system
Urinary system
Endocrine system
Integumentary system
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salt balance
All of the systems in the body help to maintain
a constant internal environment within acceptable ranges.
which is
urinary
The
system pumps blood to and from capillaries to
cardiovascular
exchange gases.
digestive
The
system collects excess tissue fluids and returns it
to the lymphatic vessels via the cardiovascular system.
охудen
The
system takes in and digests food to provide
nutrients to replenish those used by a body's cells.
homeostasis
The
system removes
from blood and
nervous
brings in
carbon dioxide
system helps rid the body of metabolic wastes and
and pH.
The
helps regulate blood volume,
respiratory
The
and endocrine systems regulate all other systems
lymphatic
through hormones and various feedback mechanisms.
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Explain the full Human Anatomy and Physiology for me.
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