You have probably seen articles warning of the danger of being apple-shaped. It’s true that where you store your body fat is at least as important as how much fat you are carrying. “Apples” are said to store visceral belly fat, which is far less healthy than storing fat just beneath the skin as “pears” do in their hips and buttocks. What’s the difference? Visceral fat surrounds organs inside the abdominal cavity and releases a variety of cell-signaling proteins that normally balance one another to promote a healthy
Back to apples and pears: The ratio of waist to hip circumference is often used as an indicator of visceral fat storage. An apple has a ratio greater than 0.85 for females and 0.90 for males; the pear’s ratio is lower. But if you have small hips and lots of subcutaneous fat around your waist, your ratio could classify you as an unhealthy apple. Or you might have lots of visceral fat but be classified as a healthier pear if you happen to have large hips. So forget the fruit. In general, a large waist (>35 inches for females, >40 inches for males) is a pretty reliable indicator of visceral fat and its associated health risks. Fortunately, when you lose weight, particularly through aerobic exercise, visceral fat tends to be the first to go.
Are Pears Healthier Than Apples?
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Chapter 35 Solutions
Biology
- Figure 34.11 Which of the following statements about the digestive system is false? Chyme is a mixture of food and digestive juices that is produced in the stomach. Food enters the large intestine before the small intestine. In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies fats. The stomach is separated from the small intestine by the pylloric sphincter.arrow_forwardDiamond and her family enjoy eating foods that are closer to nature. They have an indoor herb garden that they maintain year-round. To celebrate her love for plants and herbs, Diamond created a podcast encouraging her community to eat more plant-based foods. Diamond recently declared herself as a lacto-ovo vegetarian since she enjoys dairy products and eggs. Diamond is very active and likes the convenience of boiled eggs and nuts as protein sources. Do you think that Diamond can reasonably get enough protein from her new diet, considering she stands 5 feet 11 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds?arrow_forwardPlease comment on this statement about obesity: Certain things (foods, amount of stress or sleep, particular chemicals) “alter the biochemistry of fat storage and fat expenditure, tilting the body’s system in favor of fat storage,” (5). This is a cause because if your biochemistry makes it easier for you to store fat cells then you will store fat cells no matter how much “self control” you have. I'm not really sure what could be done about this as many different factors including ones that you have no control over can alter your body’s chemistry to be more prone to weight gain.arrow_forward
- Diet rich in cholesterol is believed to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.Egg is classified as cholesterol rich food, with a whole egg contains anapproximately of 200 mg of cholesterol.Is it true that a person, whether well or suffering from a chronic condition, should only eat one egg each day? Justify your answerarrow_forwardMost people develop wisdom teeth by early adulthood. Wisdom teeth can cause pain or crowd out their other teeth, so many people have these teeth removed. Wisdom teeth in modern humans do not perform a crucial life function. Which statement best describes the importance of wisdom teeth to human evolution? They are vestigial structures that never performed a necessary function for human ancestors. They are evidence that humans have never evolved. They are vestigial structures that once performed an important function for human ancestors. They are evidence that humans cannot evolve.arrow_forwardAll lipoproteins are made up of proteins, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Why are low-density lipoproteins (LDL) considered unhealthy, and people are encouraged to lower LDL, while high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are considered healthy, and people are encouraged to increase HDL? What are some good ways to lower LDL and raise HDL levels in the human body?arrow_forward
- Diamond and her family enjoy eating foods that are closer to nature. They have an indoor herb garden that they maintain year-round. To celebrate her love for plants and herbs, Diamond created a podcast encouraging her community to eat more plant-based foods. Diamond recently declared herself a lacto-ovo vegetarian since she enjoys dairy products and eggs. Diamond is very active and likes the convenience of boiled eggs and nuts as protein sources. Do you think that Diamond can reasonably get enough protein from her new diet, considering she stands 5 feet 11 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds? 1. Diamond is concerned about getting all the essential amino acids from her diet. Of the 20 amino acids that are commonly found in living tissues, how many of them are considered essential and cannot be made by a healthy adult? a. 12 b. 11 c. 9 d. 6 e. 5 2. Because she is so active, cardiovascular fitness is…arrow_forwardYou are trying to get rid of excess fat you have on your belly. Explain WHY you would not consume a sugar soft drink just before you begin exercising in order to lose the fat.arrow_forward7. Some people go into HIGH-FIBER DIET. Fiber is made of complex carbohydrates plus some proteins. It stimulates good digestion. Also toxic substances such as carcinogens (substances that causes cancer) and bad cholesterol bind with fiber and thus will be excreted. It comes in two forms, soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber specifically binds water well, increasing the feeling of a full stomach (nakakabusog agad). By researching, give 3 foods that contain soluble fiber and 4 foods that contain insoluble fiber.arrow_forward
- Explain why protein should be included in the diet. What will happen to the human body if we are deficient in particular vitamins and trace elements? Give examples of effects of vitamin and mineral deficiencies. There are 20 amino acids needed to make proteins in the animal body. Why aren't they all considered essential to animal diets? Compare the incomplete and complete digestive systems. What are the functions of accessory organs in a complete digestive system? Explain how digestion is regulated in animals. What are the organ systems involved in regulation of digestion? Explain. What are the health problems associated with nutrition and digestive system? Give atleast 3 examples with explanationarrow_forwardA 1-oz (28.3-g) serving of regular potato chips has 10 g of fat and 150 Calories, whereas 1 oz of the socalled fat-free chips fried in olestra has only 75 Calories. Consider a person who eats 1 oz of regular potato chips every day at lunch without gaining or losing any weight. Determine how much weight this person will lose in one year if he or she switches to fat-free chipsarrow_forwardMicelles help promote a. denaturation of proteins. b. digestion and absorption of triglycerides. c. storage of digested carbohydrates. d. increased degradation of carbohydrates.arrow_forward
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