Concept explainers
What is a recombinant microorganism? Discuss examples.
To review:
Recombinant microorganism with examples.
Introduction:
Microorganisms are organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Microorganisms are very important for mankind as, they perform various reactions that are important in daily life like: milk is converted into curd by lactic acid bacteria, production of beer and many more.
Explanation of Solution
Recombinant microorganisms are organisms that have differences in their alleles from either of the parent. These microorganisms have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that is manipulated in a laboratory and is then placed back in to the microorganism.
The first step in the formation of recombinant microorganisms is the identification of the suitable microorganism and then with the help of the method of gene transfer, the required gene is transferred in the microorganism. Once it is incorporated with microbial DNA and expresses itself, it is termed as a recombinant microorganism.
Recombinant microorganisms are used in various processes like, production of insulin by Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a recombinant in preventing plants from disease, Psuedomonas are used as oil eaters and prevent losses from oil spill. Microorganisms are also used as biocontrol agents. For example: Bacillus thuringiensis.
Therefore, it can be concluded that recombinant microorganisms are organisms whose DNA is manipulated in vitro. These microorganisms are used to synthesize human gene products like, insulin. They are also used as control agents like, Bacillus thuringiensis.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
- Match the following Conjugation terms with the most appropriate description in the image: F- recombinant F- strain F+ strain HFR strainarrow_forwardIn E. coli, the genes for histidine (his), arginine (arg), tyrosine (tyr), and valine (val) synthesis are closely linked. A wild-type strain is used as a donor for transducing viruses. Various recipient strains were treated with these viruses. Wild-type recombinant colonies were then counted, with the results shown in the following table. Genotype of recipient Number of wild-type colonies Genotype of recipient Number of wild-type colonies his- arg+ val+ tyr+ 254 his+ arg- val- tyr+ 132 his+ arg+ val- tyr- 36 his+ arg- val+ tyr+ 240 his- arg- val+ tyr+ 28 his- arg+ val- tyr+ 102 his- arg+ val+ tyr- 100 his+ arg- val+ tyr- 2 What is the cotransduction coefficient of histidine and valine? For consistency, standardize on histidine. 0.38 (wrong) 0.537 0.402 None of thesearrow_forwardWhat is recombination? Mention its applications with reference to genetic engineering.arrow_forward
- It is desired to isolate genomic DNA from liquid culture of S. cerevisiae yeast. A commercial kit will be used to isolate genomic DNA from this liquid culture. Answer the following questions to understand the strategy used by commercial kits for genomic DNA isolation. a) List all the steps from cell pellet preparation to DNA elution. b) With which feature can the membrane in the column that comes with the commercial kit bind DNA? c) Which component in the kit would you use to recover the DNA from the membrane of the column to which the DNA was attached?arrow_forwardUse a drawing to illustrate the principle of DNA gel electrophoresis. (2 marks)-+arrow_forwardWhen cloning a piece of DNA, the purpose of using the LacZ blue-white colony method is to A) Remove bacteria that do not have recombinant vectors B) Remove bacteria that do not have the DNA insert of interest Remove linear DNA Distinguish colonies that have recombinant vectors from those with non-recombinant vectors. E) Remove bacteria that have not taken up the vectorarrow_forward
- Define recombinant protein.arrow_forwardDraw a diagram/figure to explain the conjugation process (e.g. use PowerPoint or draw one by hand and include a photo of it). You should include in the diagram the F- recipient, Hfr Donor and the transconjugant/recombinant recipient. Make sure to include the genes encoding for Leucine, Threonine, Thiamine and Streptomycin resistance in your diagram. How does an Hfr strain of coli transfers chromosomal DNA to an F- strain? What determines how much of the chromosomal DNA is transferred?arrow_forwardFor the following situations, indicate whether homologous or non-homologous DNA strands are preferred to use as template: Prokaryotic double strand break repair: Mitotic double strand break repair: Meiotic double strand break repair:arrow_forward
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