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- The tails of the phospholipids of the plasma membrane are composed of _____ and are _____? a. phosphate groups; hydrophobic b. fatty acid groups; hydrophilic c. phosphate groups; hydrophilic d. fatty acid groups; hydrophobicb) Cellular membranes are generally found in environments that contain lots of water. Draw a diagram of what the phospholipid bilayer of a plasma membrane would look like if it were placed in a hydrophobic environment. (**Note that you only have to draw the phospholipid bilayer, you don't have to draw the other major components again as you did in part a) poned In salt wer (ho byorout obods f.Cplan why sctive tnsport is requind in tive tre nolaib beisio c) What part or parts of a cellular membrane play(s) a role in determining the fluidity of the membrane? pslomlo belowCholesterol is abundant in the plasma membrane. Would you expect cholesterol to flipbetween the two leaflets of the membrane faster than phospholipids, or slower, or atthe same rate?
- The composition of a cell membrane is not uniform for all types of cells.Some cell membranes are more rigid than others. Rigidity is determinedby a variety of factors, one of which is the structure of the carbon chains in the phospholipids that comprise the membrane. One example of aphospholipid was drawn, and another, having C–C double bonds in its carbon chains, is drawn here. Which phospholipid would be present in the more rigid cell membrane and why?Which of the following correctly describes the structure of the phospholipid bilayer in plasma membranes? The polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. A The non-polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each other. The non-polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. B The polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each other. The polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each each other. The non-polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. The non-polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each each other. The polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane.Which of the following molecules can normally cross a phospholipid bilayer by simple diffusion? O Oxygen O Potassium ion (K+) O Methionine O Glucose
- Membrane proteins move laterally in a phospholipid bilayer but generally not up and down. Why would this be so?in your own words, describe what would haooeb to the phospholipids f the plasma membrane in animals cells if cholesterol was not rpesent and the cell was expoed to extremely low temperatures?Lipid bilayers are said to behave like two-dimensional fluids. What does this mean? What drives the movement of lipid molecules and proteins within the bilayer? How can such movement be measured? What factors affect the degree of membrane fluidity
- You make a phospholipid bilayer with short, unsaturated hydrocarbon tails. You measure the permeability of this membrane to oxygen and water, which are normally somewhat able to cross the membrane. You then saturate the hydrocarbon tails, and re-measure membrane permeability. You then double the length of the saturated hydrocarbon tails again, and make a third measurement of membrane permeability. You graph membrane permeability (Y) as a function of hydrocarbon tail length (X). Which of the graphs below best represents the data you expect? O Graph 1 O Graph 2 O Graph 3 y O Graph 4 y X X ^ X XFor the lipids within the bilayer that comprise the plasma membrane: O The hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophobic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophilic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophilic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells and the hydrophobic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells. O Hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells randomly. The hydrophobic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells, the hydrophilic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells.Discuss the permeability of the phospholipid bilayer to the molecules and ions listed below. Is the bilayer freely permeable, somewhat permeable, or impermeable to each of these? 1. OH- 2. H* 3. 0₂ 4. C6H12O6 5. H₂O 6. CO₂ Which is not a major function of the protein in cell membranes? They are important for membrane transport They are important for cell-to-cell joining They function as enzymes They regulate membrane fluidity Which is not true about cell membranes? They frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other - They can move freely within one side of the bilayer Fatty acid tails of phospholipids form the membrane interior The interior of the bilayer is hydrophoic