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Which of the following chemicals is released by the body in response to exposure to allergens such as mold, pollen, and food?
a. Histamine 1
b. Histamine 2
c. Leukotriene
d. Mast cell
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- are cytolytic proteins that binds to target cell's plasma membrane to form pores. a. Chemokines b. Perforins c. Cytotoxicity d. Interferonsinterferons: a. cause inflammation b. inhibit viral infection c. aid in phagocytosis d. decrease the body temperatureYour patient who is recovering from a first time wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Which of the following caused your patient’s muscle aches, chills, fever and loss of appetite? a. histamine b. Tumor Necrosis factor α c. leukotrienes d. interleukin-12 e. interferon-10
- Which of the following is both a phagocyte and an antigen-presenting cell? a. NK cell b. eosinophil c. neutrophil d. macrophageWhich of the following drugs is a clinically-used monoclonal antibody for the treatment of breast cancer? O a. Doxycycline O b. Chloroquine O c. Herceptin O d. ProtiumChoose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. An example of an exogenous pyrogen is a. interleukin-1 c. interferon b. complement d. endotoxin
- Immunoglobins help eliminate the pathogen through the process of: A. Release of hydrolytic enzymes on the pathogen B. Agglutination and precipitation C. Direct phagocytosis D. Activating plateletsThe largest and most effective of the phagocytes are: a. red blood cells b. lymph nodes c. macrophagesWhich of the following leads to swelling seen in an inflammation? a. Vasodilation b. Complement activation c. Phagocytosis by macrophages d. Increased capillary permeability
- Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Allergens differ from antigens because a. Allergens produce an abnormally large immune response to what is an otherwise harmless particle. b. Allergens do not involve the leucocytes, they simple stimulate the inflammatory response. c. Allergens are only active seasonally and are generally harmless to the body. d. Allergens are primarily plant derived while antigens are bacterial or viral in nature.Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Which of the following substances is not produced by phagocytes to destroy engulfed microorganisms? a. hydroxyl radical b. superoxide anion c. hydrogen peroxide d. bradykininA child falls and receives a deep cut on her leg that went through her skin and is bleeding. Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes? A. ciliary escalator B. normal skin flora C. phagocytosis in the inflammatory response D. Iysozyme
