used n nce supplied n nce Cost Driver Rate $6.00 per lift-hour $4.50 per job $ 18,000 $ 2,700 e from truck repair totaled $32,000. Cost Driver Volume 2,460 lift-hours 480 jobs
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Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
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- Identify activity bases From the following list of activity bases for an automobile dealership, select the base that would be most appropriate for each of these costs: (1) preparation costs (cleaning, oil, and gasoline costs) for each car received, (2) salespersons commission of 5% of the sales price for each car sold, and (3) administrative costs for ordering cars. Number of cars sold Dollar amount of cars ordered Number of cars ordered Number of cars on hand Number of cars received Dollar amount of cars sold Dollar amount of cars received Dollar amount of cars on handVentana Window and Wall Treatments Company provides draperies, shades, and various window treatments. Ventana works with the customer to design the appropriate window treatment, places the order, and installs the finished product. Direct materials and direct labor costs are easy to trace to the jobs. Ventanas income statement for last year is as follows: Ventana wants to find a markup on cost of goods sold that will allow them to earn about the same amount of profit on each job as was earned last year. Required: 1. What is the markup on cost of goods sold (COGS) that will maintain the same profit as last year? (Round the percentage to two significant digits.) 2. A customer orders draperies and shades for a remodeling job. The job will have the following costs: What is the price that Ventana will quote given the markup percentage calculated in Requirement 1? (Round the price to the nearest dollar.) 3. What if Ventana wants to calculate a markup on direct materials cost, since it is the largest cost of doing business? What is the markup on direct materials cost that will maintain the same profit as last year? (Round the percentage to two significant digits.) What is the bid price Ventana will use for the job given in Requirement 2 if the markup percentage is calculated on the basis of direct materials cost? (Round to the nearest dollar.)For each of the following, indicate whether the cost would typically be considered product or period cost for the cost object given. Clear All Product Period Tires for the bicycles Electricity costs to run the factory Selling costs for the period Delivery costs to take the bicycles to stores Accountant salaries
- Cover-to-Cover Company is a manufacturer of shelving for books. The company has compiled the following cost data, and wants your help in determining the cost behavior. After reviewing the data, complete requirements (1) and (2) that follow. UnitsProduced TotalLumberCost TotalUtilitiesCost Total MachineDepreciationCost 6,000 shelves $72,000 $7,900 $135,000 12,000 shelves 144,000 14,800 135,000 24,000 shelves 288,000 28,600 135,000 30,000 shelves 360,000 35,500 135,000 1. Determine whether the costs in the table are variable, fixed, mixed, or none of these. Lumber Utilities Depreciation 2. For each cost, determine the fixed portion of the cost, and the per-unit variable cost. If there is no amount or an amount is zero, enter "0". Recall that, for N = Number of Units Produced, Total Costs = (Variable Cost Per Unit x N) + Fixed Cost. Complete the following table with your answers. Round variable portion of cost (per unit)…Apple offers device service and repair through its AppleCare program, Assumed data follow. Direct labor rate Non-baterials-related overhead Materials-related overhead Target profit margin (on both conversion and direct materials) Required: 1. Compute time charge per hour of direct labor (in $). 2. Compute materials markup per dollar of direct material cost (in %). 3. Use time and materials pricing to compute the price for a local college. Apple estimates the obligation to this college will require 1,000 direct labor hours and $35,000 of direct materials cost. 1. Time charge per hour of direct labor 2. Materials markup 3. Time and materials price $40 per direct labor hour $10 per direct labor hour 4 of direct materials cost 40% per hour %Cover-to-Cover Company is a manufacturer of shelving for books. The company has compiled the following cost data, and wants your help in determining the cost behavior. After reviewing the data, complete requirements (1) and (2) that follow. UnitsProduced TotalLumberCost TotalUtilitiesCost Total MachineDepreciationCost 6,000 shelves $72,000 $8,400 $125,000 12,000 shelves 144,000 15,300 125,000 24,000 shelves 288,000 29,100 125,000 30,000 shelves 360,000 36,000 125,000 1. Determine whether the costs in the table are variable, fixed, mixed, or none of these. Lumber Utilities Depreciation 2. For each cost, determine the fixed portion of the cost, and the per-unit variable cost. If there is no amount or an amount is zero, enter "0". Recall that, for N = Number of Units Produced, Total Costs = (Variable Cost Per Unit x N) + Fixed Cost. Complete the following table with your answers. Round variable portion of cost (per…
- Cover-to-Cover Company is a manufacturer of shelving for books. The company has compiled the following cost data, and wants your help in determining the cost behavior. After reviewing the data, complete requirements (1) and (2) that follow. UnitsProduced TotalLumberCost TotalUtilitiesCost Total MachineDepreciationCost 12,000 shelves $144,000 $14,800 $130,000 24,000 shelves 288,000 28,600 130,000 48,000 shelves 576,000 56,200 130,000 60,000 shelves 720,000 70,000 130,000 1. Determine whether the costs in the table are variable, fixed, mixed, or none of these. Lumber Variable Cost Utilities Mixed Cost Depreciation Fixed Cost 2. For each cost, determine the fixed portion of the cost, and the per-unit variable cost. If there is no amount or an amount is zero, enter "0". Recall that, for N = Number of Units Produced, Total Costs = (Variable Cost Per Unit x N) + Fixed Cost. Complete the following table with your answers. Round…The controller of the Blade Company wants you to estimate a cost function from the following two observations in a general ledger account called Maintenance: (Click to view the information.) Required 1. Estimate the cost function for maintenance. 2. Can the constant in the cost function be used as an estimate of fixed maintenance cost per month? Explain. Requirement 1. Estimate the cost function for maintenance. (Round your answers to the nearest cent as needed.) Maintenance costs = Maintenance costs = +( +( X X Requirement 2. Can the constant in the cost function be used as an estimate of fixed maintenance cost per month? Explain. the relevant range, not at cost levels the relevant range. If there are no months with zero The cost function in requirement 1 is an estimate of how costs behave machine-hours represented in the maintenance account, data in that account function provides the best available starting point for a straight line that approximates how a cost behaves be used to…Match each of the following cost items with the value chain business function where you would expect the cost to be incurred: Cost Item 1. Labor time to repair products under warranty 2. Radio commercials 3. Labor costs of delivering customer orders 4. Testing of competitor's product 5. Direct manufacturing labor costs 6. Development of order tracking system for online sales 7. Design cost of new product brochures 8. Hours spent designing childproof bottles 9. Training costs for representatives to staff the customer call center 10. Installation of robotics equipment in manufacturing plant Business Function
- Ethan Manufacturing Incorporated produces floor mats for automobiles. The owner, Joseph Ethan, has asked you to assist in estimating maintenance costs. Together, you and Joseph determine that the single best cost driver for maintenance costs is machine hours. These data are from the previous fiscal year for maintenance costs and machine hours: 1. What is the cost equation for maintenance costs using the high-low method? 2. Calculate the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the cost equation you developed in requirement 1. Month Maintenance Costs Machine Hours 1 $ 2,660 1,750 2 2,820 1,830 3 2,970 1,910 4 3,080 1,930 5 3,160 1,960 6 3,130 1,940 7 3,070 1,920 8 2,910 1,900 9 2,680 1,760 10 2,280 1,160 11 2,290 1,360 12 2,510 1,650Assume a company's activity-based costing system includes three activities with the following activity rates: Activity Cost Pool Activity Rate $ 2 per mile driven $ 50 per delivery $ 22 per phone call Travel Deliveries Customer service Two of the company's many customers include Customer A and Customer B. These two customers consumed the company's activities as follows: Total Expected Activity Customer A Customer B Travel (number of miles driven) Deliveries (number of deliveries) Customer service (number of phone calls) 300 250 15 5 20 12 If the company earned $1,230 in revenue serving Customer B, then what is the customer margin for this customer? Multiple Cholce $236 $216 $196Metroid Electric manufactures power distribution equipment for commercial customers, such as hospitals and manufacturers. Activity-based costing was used to determine customer profitability. Customer service activities were assigned to individual customers, using the following assumed customer service activities, activity base, and activity rate: Customer Service Activity Activity Base Activity Rate Bid preparation Number of bid requests $420 per request Shipment Number of shipments $90 per shipment Support standard items Number of standard items ordered $30 per std. item Support nonstandard items Number of nonstandard items ordered $180 per nonstd. item Assume that the company had the following gross profit information for three representative customers: Customer 1 Customer 2 Customer 3 Revenues $130,000 $210,000 $180,000 Cost of goods sold (81,900) (113,400) (90,000) Gross profit $48,100 $96,600 $90,000 Gross profit…