Q2) Aggregate demand and supply a) Explain economic fluctuations in short and long run. b) What is Okun's law and Keynesian economics, give examples. c) Explain the downward slope of aggregate demand. d) Explain long run and short run aggregate supply
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- Suppose our economy is in macroeconomic equilibrium (also called "general equilibrium") with an upward-sloping aggregate supply curve and a downward-sloping aggregate demand curve. An increase in aggregate demand will: Question 5 options: a) Increase aggregate supply. b) Decrease the price level. c) Causes the aggregate supply to shift to the right. d) Increase real GDP. e) Reduce the number of discouraged workers in the unemployment rate.Which of the following would cause the aggregate supply curve to increase... A) Energy prices such as gas and electricity have increased rapidly throughout the country. B) The government has reduced its spending by more than 10% over the last 2 years C) Consumers are more confident and spending more than before. D) Throughout the economy, workers are using better equipment and output per hour is rising.(1) Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. If there is a sharp increase in the expected price level, what do we expect to happen? Select one: (A) In the short run, the SRAS curve will shift left, real GDP and price will fall. (B) In the short run, SRAS will shift right, real GDP will rise and prices will fall. (C) In the short run, AD will shift left, real GDP and prices will fall. (D) In the short run, LRAS and SRAS will shift left, causing real GDP to fall.
- Suppose firms become very optimistic about future business conditions and invest heavily in new capital equipment. a. Draw an aggregate-demand/aggregate-supply diagram to show the short-run effect of this optimism on the economy. Label the new levels of prices and real output. Explain in words why the aggregate quantity of output supplied changes. b. Now use the diagram from part (a) to show the new long-run equilibrium of the economy. (For now, assume there is no change in the long run aggregate-supply curve.) Explain in words why the aggregate quantity of output demanded changes between the short run and the long run. c. How might the investment boom affect the long run aggregate-supply curve? Explain Plaese mam/sir give me answer in deatail as soon as possible pleaseSuppose firms become very optimistic about future business conditions and invest heavily in new capital equipment. a. Draw an aggregate-demand/aggregate-supply diagram to show the short-run effect of this optimism on the economy. Label the new levels of prices and real output. Explain in words why the aggregate quantity of output supplied changes. b. Now use the diagram from part (a) to show the new long-run equilibrium of the economy. (For now, assume there is no change in the long run aggregate-supply curve.) Explain in words why the aggregate quantity of output demanded changes between the short run and the long run. c. How might the investment boom affect the long run aggregate-supply curve? ExplainWhat effects would each of the following have on aggregate demand or aggregate supply? Justify your answer. In each case use a diagram to show the expected effects on the equilibrium price level and real output level in the economy. Assume that all other things remain constant and prices are inflexible downward. (a) A reduction in interest rates at each price level (b) A sizable increase in labor productivity. (c) The nation’s currency appreciates against its major trading partners .
- 7) The Keynesian portion of the short-run aggregate supply (SRAS) curve implies: a) an upward slope. b) a downward slope c) flexible prices and wages d) the price level does not change.7) Spending on the war in Afghanistan is essentially categorized as government purchases. How do increases in spending on the war in Afghanistan affect the aggregate demand curve? A) They will move the economy up along a stationary aggregate demand curve. B) They will move the economy down along a stationary aggregate demand curve. C) They will shift the aggregate demand curve to the right. D) They will shift the aggregate demand curve to the left.Aggregate demand and aggregate supply, based on a problem from “Principles of Economics” by N. Gregory Mankiw a) List the components of country’s GDP in an open economy. For each component, provide an example of an event that would cause a shift of the aggregate demand curve to the right.b) What will be the effect of such events on the level of prices and the real outcome in the short run? Provide a graph.c) What will be the effect of such events on the level of prices and the real outcome in the longrun? Update your graph
- 2) Assume that the United States economy is currently in long-run equilibrium. a) Draw a correctly labeled graph of aggregate demand and aggregate supply and show each of the following. i. The long-run aggregate supply curve ii. The current equilibrium output and price levels, labeled as YE and PLE. b) Assume that the government increases spending on national defense without raising taxes. i. On your graph in part (a), show how the government action affects aggregate demand. ii. How will this government action affect the unemployment rate in the short run? Explain. c) Assume that the economy adjusts to a new long-run equilibrium after the increase in government spending. i. How will the short-run aggregate supply curve in the long-run equilibrium compare with that in the initial long-run equilibrium in part (a)? Explain. ii. On your graph in part (a), label the new long-run equilibrium price level as PL2.Assume an economy operates in the keynisian ( horizontal) ranges of its aggregate supply curve curve. For each of the following changes in condition, state the direction of the effect on : 1. Aggregate demand, 2 aggregate supply 3. Price level and 4. Real gdp A decrease in government expenditure in infrastructure A severe recession occurs in a country, which has been a major importer of the nations exports. The federal government reduces business taxes. The central bank increases the cash interest rate17. Aggregate operations planners seek to match supply and demand at the minimum overall cost and: a) keeping inventories at a minimum. b) hiring when necessary. c) keeping inventories at a maximum. d) by staying within company policy.