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- 17. Which of the following chemical formula summarizes cellular respiration? Group of answer choices 6CO2 + 6O2 + light energy 6H2O + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP C6H12O6 + 6H2O 6O2 + 6CO2 + ATP8. Anaerobic respiration is different from aerobic respiration in that... a) in anaerobic respiration oxygen is not the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain. b) anaerobic respiration can only produce 2 ATP. c) anaerobic respiration only includes the metabolic pathway of glycolysis. d) anaerobic respiration is an anabolic reaction type.9 .The energy of electron transport (by the ETC) serves to move protons (hydrogen ions, or H+) to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion. How does this help the mitochondrion produce ATP? a) This movement of protons sets up the electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis in the mitochondrion. b) The protons pick up electrons from the electron transport chain on their way through the inner mitochondrial membrane c) The protons receive electrons from the NAD+ and FAD that were accepted in glycolysis ad the citric acid cycle d) The protons are transferred to oxygen in an energy-releasing reaction
- 7. Why are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration? a) They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated. b) They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion. c) NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell. d) The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell. e) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane.4. Desulfovibrio africanus is an organotroph that carries out anaerobic respiration using two of the redox couples below to generate energy and reducing power. Thiobacillus denitrificans is a chemolithotroph that uses the waste product of Desulfovibrio's e transport system as a source of e, and also carries out anaerobic respiration using one more of the redox couples. Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of its e donor? Show your work. C3H4O3/C3H8O3 (-0.28 V) 0₂/H₂O (+0.82) NO2/N2 (+0.38 V) S₂O32/H₂S (-0.18 V)5. a) The cell creates molecules of NADH and FADH2to use in the electron transport chain as they are electron carrier molecules. The electron transfers from these moleculesdrives the movement of what molecule across the mitochondrial membrane?b) What is chemiosmosis?c) How does the cell use chemiosmosis to drive overcome the thermodynamic barrier of bringing phosphates close togehter to create ATP?d) What steps of oxidative phosphorylation are in the cytosol and which are in the mitochondria?e) Cellular respiration can be controlled at the post-translational level. What does this mean, using GLUT as an example? Why is post-translational control of GLUT evolutionarilyadaptive over transcriptional control?f) How does establishment of equillibria of various molecules control metabolic reactions? What are three ways high ATP in the cell control cellular respiration?g) Why are the enzymes controlling the initial steps of various biochemical pathways are targeted by allosteric control?
- 10- The CO2 exhaled by animals comes from _____ of cellular respiration. a) glycolysis and transition reaction b) transition reaction and Krebs cycle c) CTE and glycolysis d) Krebs cycle only 11-During a Krebs cycle of cellular respiration, FADH contributes to the production of: a) 2 ATPs b) 3 ATPs c) 4 ATPs d) 6 ATPs 12- Which of these events takes place in a stroma of a chloroplast? a) conversion of water to O2 b) CO2 reduction c) clear reactions d) chemiosmosis 13-What name is given to the process that adds a third phosphate to ADP by flow of H+ ions? a) synthesis of ATP at the substrate level b) fermentation c) Chemosomosis 15-What is wrong about the plant components that allow photosynthesis? a) the xylem is the vascular tissue transporting water and minerals b) the mesophyll is the photosynthetic tissue of the leaf c) the phloem is the vascular tissue transporting water and sugars d) the stroma is the microscopic opening of a leaf 16- What is true about…Cellular Respiration 22) Mchndrian Cytesel ATP Essile Acid 1. Glycolysis Waiet ATP ATP Oxygen The process of cellular respiration A) Occurs only in animals. B) breaks down food molecules to release stored energy. C) must occur before plants are able to carry out photosynthesis. D) is performed only by organisms that are incapable of photosynthesis.1. Describe the steps by which the transport of electrons down the respiratory chain leads to the formation of a proton gradient.
- 4. An obligate aerobe growing in an oxygenated environment is suddenly moved to an environment without oxygen. Explain what would happen to its metabolic pathways. Start with the Electron Transport Chain and work your way backwards to glycolysis.1. What is the difference between substrate level and oxidative phosphorylation? In which pathways does each occur?Regarding bacteria that utilize respiration as a way to catabolize a complex carbon (food) source, which of A-D is true? A) O require the use of an electron transport chain B) O are generally considered heterotrophs C) O do not necessarily have to use oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor D) O do not fix carbon dioxide E) OA-D are all true