From water sample, 25 mg/L HCO3" as Caco3, 10 mg/L C032 as Caco3 and 50 mg/L Ca* as CaCO3 were measured. pH was near neutral. What is alkalinity? () mg/L as CaCo3 (*Answer in whole number only)
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- 3. Table below shows the concentration of dissolve oxygen for a BOD test, diluted by 100. Time (days) Diluted sample DO (mg/L) 7.95 1 3.75 2 3.45 2.75 2.15 1.8 i. Determine BOD5 Given the deoxygenation rate coefficient of 0.15 day-1, determine the ultimate BOD ii. iii. Based on answer from (i), identify class of the water sample based on INWQS guideline and propose suitable usage the water.Jar testing was performed using alum on a raw drinking-water source that contained an initial turbidity of 20 NTU and an alkalinity of 35 mg/L as CaCO3. The optimum coagulant (alum: Al2(SO4)3•14H20) dosage was determined as 18 mg/L with a final turbidity of 0.25 NTU. Determine the quantity of alkalinity consumed as mg CaCO3 (1 significant figure)In determination of Acidity experiment, If the volume of 0.02N NaOH when use Methyl Orange (M.O) is 0.8 mL and 7.8 mL when use Phenolphthalein (Ph.Ph), the volume of sample is 25mL and the EW for CaCO3 is 50. The Mineral Acidity as mg (CaCO3)/L is
- The Volume of NaOH (0.01N) when use ph.ph indicator is 12.4mL and 3mL when use methyl Orange (M.O) and the Volume of Sample is 30mL, Calculate the Total Acidity as mg (CaCO3)/L. (EW for CaCO3 is 50)3.1 In order to soften 6 MGD of water contains Ca²= 120 mg/L and Mg²+ = 95 mg/L, to the practical solubility limit using split treatment and with desired magnesium concentration of 40 mg/L as CaCO3. we need to treat only: a) 5.5 MGD b) 4.5 MGD c) 3.2 MGD d) 4.9 MGD Continue in the back 3.2 If an ion exchange water softener has 0.2 m' of ion-exchange resin with an exchange capacity of 75 kg/m³. The occupants use 2500 gallon/day of water. If the water contains 250 mg/L of hardness as CaCO, and it is desired to soften it to 90 mg/L as CaCO), what is the time between regeneration? a) 15 days b) 14 days c) 12 days d) 10 days 3.3 You are about to design a sand filter that has sand with a particle diameter of 0.02 inch. During filtration, the depth of the filter is 0.75 ft and the porosity is 0.25. During backwash, the porosity is expected to be 0.60. If gravel and underdrain layer is 1.6 ft and free board is 2 ft, the total depth of the filter will be: a) 3.5 ft b) 5.0 ft c) 8.5 ft d) 9.5 ft…6 Ydu will obtain 2.0 L of tap water for you water hardness test. The water hardness test uses a precipitation reaction to precipitate the Calcium bicarbonate present out of solution by adding 1.9 g of Ca(OH) represented by the following equation: Ca(HC03|21ag) + Ca(OH)215) > 2CaCOsisi + 2 H20 ml What is the percent yield of CaCO3 produced in the hard water test? (fig. 4)
- If a sample of tap water contains 400 ppm of Ca2+ and 80 ppm of Mg2+, what is the hardness of this water sample in terms of equivalent concentration CaCO3, in mg/L? a.80 ppm CaCO3 b. 400 ppm CaCO3 c. NoneIn standardization, 10.00 mL of Naz C2 04 solution required 39.17 mL of KMN04. Find the molarity of KMNO,. The unknown required 14.44 mL of MnO,. Find Ca in the urine. (Answer: 1.086 x 10 M, 7.840 x 10 M)Problem 4. A receipt of surface water sample is given in Table below: Substance Concentration (mg/L) Total Hardness 1000 mg/L CaCO3 Phenolphthalein acidity 5 mg/L CaCO3 Phenolphthalein Alkalinity 3 mg/L CaCO3 It is known that phenolphthalein alkalinity is only due to CO3²- and phenolphthalein acidity is only due to H₂CO3. Assuming the hardness of sample is because of calcium and magnesium ions, alkalinity-acidity are due to the carbonate species, calculate: a) The pH of sample. b) Temporary and permanent hardness as mg/L CaCO3. c) Total alkalinity and acidity as mg/L CaCO3. Molecular weights (g/mole): Ca = 40, Mg = 24, H = 1, C = 12, 0 = 16
- Q.2(a) What will be the influence of using more alkaline/acidic water in boilers? Discuss the type of corrosion resulting from it and their method of prevention. (b) Calculate the hardness in a given hard water sample having the following data. 50 ml of standard hard water containing 1 mg of CaCO3 per ml consumed. 50 ml of standard hard water consumed 25 ml EDTA using eriochrome black T as indicator. 50 ml water sample consumed 40 ml EDTA using the same indicator. 50 ml water sample after boiling consumed 25 ml of EDTA using the same indicator. (c) Discuss the problems of boilers which can be arises due to use of high concentration of alkaline substance along with their prevention and disadvantages.Given the following octanol water partition coefficients (Kow), indicate for which compounds is soil vapor extraction (SVE) a candidate process for removing the compound from the vadose zone of a contaminated soil. Assume that low values of Kow are <10. Provide a relative ranking of contaminants in terms of potential efficiency for SVE treatment. Compound Log Kow Trichloroethene 2.38 4.88 6.01 1.38 3.15 1.46 3.9 6.19 0.26 Pyrene PCBs Vinyl chloride Ethyl benzene Phenol Lindane DDT 2-Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone)6. Please answer the following questions: (a) Why control of pH is considered important and what are the main sources of acidity and alkalinity in natural waters? (b) A 100 ml sample require 20.2ml of 0.02 NH2SO4 to reach the phenolphthalein end point, and a total of 25.6ml to reach the Methyl orange end point. Calculate total alkalinity and indicate what fraction corresponds to hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates (c) The uptake for a water supply system is located at a location named X3 (see Figure); upstream X3, there are two villages that discharge raw sewage at X1 and X2, and new wastewater treatment systems are needed in both villages in order to reduce the concentration of BOD. Calculate the current concentration of BOD at X3, and the required removal efficiency (% BOD removal) in the new wastewater treatment works (WWTW) to control BOD discharges at X1 and X2, so the BOD at X3 ≤ 10mg/L.