Consider the function of the cofactor FAD. Which of the following makes it unique (different) from NAD+? Select all that apply. O Operates as part of an enzyme and is not a mobile electron carrier O In its fully reduced state, carries 2 electrons O Involved in electron transfers as part of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity O Facilitates single electron transfers
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Our body is composed of numerous cells, tissues, organs, hormones, and enzymes. Enzymes are protein molecules that are essential in a number of biochemical reactions. other than enzymes there are some compounds that also assist in various chemical reactions. These are coenzymes and co-factors.
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- The Relative Efficiency of ATP Synthesis in Noncyclic versus Cyclic Photophosphorylation If noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport leads to the translocation of 7 H+/2e- and cyclic photosynthetic electron transport leads to the translocation of 2 H+/e-, what is the relative photosynthetic efficiency of ATP synthesis (expressed as the number of photons absorbed per ATP synthesized) for noncyclic versus cyclic photophosphorylation? (Assume that the CF1CF0-ATP synthase yields 3 ATP/14 H+.)Consider the function of the cofactor FAD. Which of the following makes it unique (different) from NAD+? Select all that apply. O Operates as part of an enzyme and is not a mobile electron carrier O In its fully reduced state, carries 2 electrons OInvolved in electron transfers as part of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity O Facilitates single electron transfersWhich of the following best describes the number of NAD+ that get reduced in the matrix reactions: 10 NAD+ REDUCED 8 NAD+ REDUCED 6 NAD+ REDUCED 4 NAD+ REDUCED 2 NAD+ REDUCED NAD+ do not get reduced in the matrix, they only get oxidized When the acetyl-group from pyruvate enters the Krebs Cycle, CO2 loss is coupled with: oxidation of NADH hydrolysis pf water. condensation of water. phosphorylation. reduction of NAD+ Which of the following would cause a drop in free energy during the oxidation of glucose? the oxidation of G3P and reduction of FAD the oxidation of pyruvate and reduction of CO2 the reduction of pyruvate and oxidation of G3P the oxidation of malate and the reduction of NAD+ the oxidation of NADH and the oxidation of protein complex I
- Give all the reactions that will produce ATP either by substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) or by oxidative phosphorylation (OP). If the given require a shuttle system, please indicate both MA shuttle and GP shuttle and give the ATP produced. Given: glucose 6-phosphate to 2succinly CoAWhat is the difference in ATP yield per glucose molecule between the malate-aspartate shuttle and the glycerophosphate shuttle? Hint: Consider electron carriers produced in glycolysis per glucose, the number of protons pumped as a result of the electron entry to the ETC, and the number of cytosolic ATP produced. Enter numeric value only.Give all the reactions that will produce ATP either by substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) or by oxidative phosphorylation (OP). If the given require a shuttle system, please indicate both MA shuttle and GP shuttle and give the ATP produced. Given: fructose 6-phosphate to 2pyruvate
- Complete a concept map (or system model) relating the following terms Glycolysis Oxidation of Pyruvate . Citric Acid Cycle Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis. Glucose Substrate level phos. oxidized elec. carriers (NAD+) High enerGy Elec. Pyruvate AcetylCoA Low enerGy Eleç. H+ Gradient CO2 Охудеn ADP + Pi Water АТР Oxidative Phos. -- ---- ---- reduced elec. carriers (NADH)Which of the following statements concerning oxidative phosphorylation is false? Group of answer choices: The electron transport chain generates an electrochemical gradient that drives the production of ATP. ATP synthase with fewer subunits in its c ring will produce more ATP per proton. A “loose” β subunit of ATP synthase becomes a “tight” site as it produces ATP. When the supply of NADH and QH2 (ubiquinol) decreases, ATP synthase produces more ATP.ATP NAD+ FADH2 Coenzyme A ATP synthase oxidizing agent in metabolism enzyme "motor" located on the inner membrane of mitochondrial works with CoQ10 in oxidative phosphorylation shuttles electrons in the e- transport chain provides energy to drive an endergonic reaction forward shuttles two-carbon units (acetyl groups) reducing agent in metabolism turns pyruvate to lactate in anaerobic conditions
- Choose all of the following true statements. Hint: 6 statements are true. □ If an electron moves from an atom of higher electronegativity to an atom with lower electronegativity, energy is released. O Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen present. Other biomolecules such as lipids, disaccharides, and proteins can enter the biochemical pathway of aerobic respiration just not directly into the first step of glycolysis. Molecules other than glucose can be broken down and used to build up ATP in aerobic respiration. Glycolysis occurs during both alcohol and lactic acid fermentation, producing 2 net ATP. The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the tighter it holds an electron and the lower its potential energy. Water is the final electron acceptor of the ETC in aerobic respiration. Each protein component of the ETC in aerobic respiration is more electronegative than the last.Determine the total yield of ATP for the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate. Show the work and reasoning, and indicate how many ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are formed and in which steps. Include ATP produced in the electron transport chain. Express the answer as a rangeWhich of the following statements about oxidative phosphorylation is correct? O H+ ions are transferred from Complex I or Complex II to ATP synthase where ATP production occ O Proton pumps transfer electrons from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix as electrons are tra O The chemical and electrical gradient is established between the intermembrane space and the ma electron carriers. O ATP synthase pumps electrons back to the intermembrane space as a consequence of electrocher mitochondrial matrix. • Previous