Can you answer all the parts to this question regarding the diagram  Hemichordates are a sister group to the chordates. This group contains organisms called acorn worms. They don’t have all of the chordate characteristics - just some.   Question Part a: What about the name hemichordate might give you a hint about their chordate characteristics? Part b: What characteristics do all chordates share based on this cladogram? Part c: Which ones are synapomorphies of the chordates and which ones are symplesiomorphies based on this cladogram?

Aquaculture Science
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Chapter7: Management Practices For Crustaceans And Mollusks
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Can you answer all the parts to this question regarding the diagram 

Hemichordates are a sister group to the chordates. This group contains organisms called acorn worms. They don’t have all of the chordate characteristics - just some.  

Question

Part a: What about the name hemichordate might give you a hint about their chordate characteristics?

Part b: What characteristics do all chordates share based on this cladogram?

Part c: Which ones are synapomorphies of the chordates and which ones are symplesiomorphies based on this cladogram?

 

CHORDATA
EUCHORDATA
Unique buccal apparatuses
(oral hood, buccal cirri,
vestibule, wheel organ)
Buccal
diverticulum
Incurrent &
excurrent siphons
2-chambered
heart (atrium
and ventricle)
Protonephridium
Serially arranged
gonads
Sense organs
Glomerulus
Tunic
Tripartite brain
Enlarged pharynx
(branchial basket)
Cranium
Tripartite body
(proboscis,
collar, trunk)
- 545 million
years ago (mya) -
Cambrian
Hepatic diverticulum
Closed circulatory system
w/ dorsal & ventral aortae
Myomeres
Tadpole larva
Endostyle
Postanal tail
Notochord
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Ciliated pharyngeal gill slits
Hemichordata
Urochordata
Cephalochordata
Craniata
Transcribed Image Text:CHORDATA EUCHORDATA Unique buccal apparatuses (oral hood, buccal cirri, vestibule, wheel organ) Buccal diverticulum Incurrent & excurrent siphons 2-chambered heart (atrium and ventricle) Protonephridium Serially arranged gonads Sense organs Glomerulus Tunic Tripartite brain Enlarged pharynx (branchial basket) Cranium Tripartite body (proboscis, collar, trunk) - 545 million years ago (mya) - Cambrian Hepatic diverticulum Closed circulatory system w/ dorsal & ventral aortae Myomeres Tadpole larva Endostyle Postanal tail Notochord Dorsal hollow nerve cord Ciliated pharyngeal gill slits Hemichordata Urochordata Cephalochordata Craniata
Expert Solution
Step 1

Part a:

It has been studied that hemichordates are not classified as true chordates. Although chordates and hemichordates are quite similar to each other. Hemichordates are having characteristics like:

  • Triploblastic.
  • Bilaterally symmetrical.
  • Exclusively marine.
  • True body cavity.
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