All of the following statements about the B-oxidation pathway are true except: The pathway is suppressed by NADH and acetyl CoA. The committed step involves an acyl carrier protein (ACP). O In prokaryotes, the redox reactions occur in the cytoplasm. Each round shortens the fatty acid chain by two carbons.
Q: Which statement concerning lipid ctions is O a. Steroid hormones act as messenger molecules and…
A: Lipids, hydrophobic organic molecules, serve vital roles in living organisms. Triacylglycerols store…
Q: A protein gives, under conditions of buffer composition, pH, and temperature that are close to…
A: SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulfate) breaks non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds…
Q: Atovaquone is an antifungal used to treat fungal pneumonia. It is a structural analog of coenzyme Q…
A: ETC consists of four protein complexes called Complex I, II, III and IV that transport electrons…
Q: Question 4. Imagine the main chain of a protein bends back on itself so that two amino acid residues…
A: There are four classes of biological macromolecules: proteins, nucleic acid, lipids and…
Q: Which of the following is true for the lipids with specific blological function Select an answer and…
A: Cell signaling is mediated by a ligand (usually a hormone but could be other molecules too) binding…
Q: hemoglobin.
A: Hemoglobin, a crucial protein found in red blood cells, plays a pivotal role in the efficient…
Q: The bonds that hold a cytoskeletal polymer together are best described as... -Covalent,…
A: The cytoskeleton is a network of different protein fibers that provides many functions: it maintains…
Q: Many resistance mechanisms are encoded on plasmids. These mechanisms are of great clinical…
A: BLAST is a bioinformatics tool that enables us to identify a gene if we know its DNA sequence or the…
Q: Identify the correct name or abbreviation for the given nucleoside or nucleotide. guanosine ADP dADP…
A: Nucleosides are composed of a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base.Nucleotides are composed of a…
Q: Glucagon is a hormone that is released when the level of glucose in the blood is low. Glucagon uses…
A: Glucagon is secreted by the α cells of pancreas.Glucagon is a hormone that helps to regulate blood…
Q: The cytochrome P450 family of monooxygenase enzymes are involved in the clearance of…
A: For a one-substrate enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…
Q: Below is the result of PCR products running on agarose gel electrophoresis. You expect to see one…
A: PCR enables us to increase the concentration of our gene of interest. We use two primers for PCR,…
Q: What would be a likely consequence if step 4 of the citric acid cycle no longer operated far from…
A: Step 4 of the citric acid cycle is the oxidation of α-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO2 along…
Q: Which of the following describe roles of an enzyme in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? bind the…
A: The general property of enzymes in an enzyme catalyzed reaction is that they alter the kinetics of…
Q: A 25-year-old man has a lifelong hemorrhagic diathesis. The PT and bleeding time are normal, but the…
A: Hemorrhagic diathesis is a condition characterized by a tendency to bleed excessively or for an…
Q: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the main energy currency used in cells. ATP hydrolysis is coupled…
A: The structure of ATP comprises of a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base…
Q: The activity of chymotrypsin changes as the pH changes in the range of pH 5-9, as shown on the a.…
A: Chymotrypsin is an enzyme that aids in breaking down proteins within the body. It is produced by the…
Q: Single stranded DNA.
A: DNA:Its full form is deoxyribonucleic acid.It carries genetic instructions for the development,…
Q: reaction occurred when the samples (enumerated) reacted with Benedict’s reagent
A: Benedict's test:This test is a chemical assay for reducing sugar.This test involves mixing the…
Q: Consider the role of Histidine in the Serine protease mechanism and sketch a plot showing he…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase rate of biochemical reactions.Serine proteases are…
Q: Suppose replacing 1H127I with 2H127I. What changes would it be for the peak wavenumbers and for the…
A: The question is asking about the changes in the peak wavenumbers and the spacing between adjacent…
Q: A contributing factor to the development of arthritis is the inappropriate proteolytic destruction…
A: An assay is a biochemical lab procedure to determine the quantity of molecules of interest in a…
Q: HO-CH2 НО ОН H 0 Н но-сн, Н ОН H ОН Н Н ОН но-CH2 Н Н Н OH Н H OH HO-CH, H ОН H о он ОН H List the…
A: Monosaccharides are connected by glycosidic bonds. Glycosidic bonds are covalent bonds, formed when…
Q: Describe in one page why hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen can be considered the most important…
A: A living cell is the basic unit of life. It is capable of independent existence (as is the case of…
Q: Disulfide bonds have been shown to stabilize proteins (i.e., make them less likely to unfold).…
A: Protein folding is driven by chemical and physical constraints. As a polypeptide chain folds into a…
Q: Calculate the membrane potential in the transport of Cl- from the intracellular environment to the…
A: Change in Gibbs free energy () for ion transport across a membrane is contributed by the…
Q: What type of linkage is shown here? CH₂OH H K ОН H ОН H O Alpha (1,4) O Beta (1,2) Beta (1,6) O…
A: The bond that link nks two monosacharide units in a carbohydrate is called glycosidic…
Q: Scientist Percy Julian... O developed a brilliant and effective large-scale production strategy for…
A: Answer :- Percy Julian, a brilliant and pioneering scientist, overcame significant racial barriers…
Q: In Fehling’s test, aldose are oxidized to aldonic acid. Kindly give the reaction and mechanism of…
A: Fehling's test is a chemical test used to distinguish the presence of reduced sugars in a given…
Q: Diagram 7 Phase 1 Phase 3 What enzyme catalyzes the reaction in this phase? Phase 2 Briefly describe…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: Which of the following statements is WRONG with regard to the following molecule?
A: A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life where all the metabolic activities are…
Q: Class of lipid Function(s) of the class Ester of what fatty acid?? Why is this molecule considered…
A: Lipids are a chemically diverse group of biomolecules that have two things in common: low solubility…
Q: Nigerose is a disaccharide that consists of two glucose units linked by an a(1-3) bond. Use the…
A: Two-dimensional representations of the cyclic structure of monosaccharides are called Haworth…
Q: Consider what would happen if you had a pure preparation of each of the substances below, which you…
A: There are four classes of biological macromolecules: nucleic acid, lipids, carbohydrates and…
Q: yur as marking consists protein mat calowing Wi/ a 125 KD heteromer c de are of each subunt masses:…
A: The structure of the 125 kDa heterotrimeric protein given in question is depicted below.It is…
Q: Lodgum are true TS
A: The biological process of moving molecules or ions across a cell membrane against their…
Q: The protein catalase catalyzes the reaction described by 2H₂O₂(aq) → 2H₂O)+O₂(g) and has a…
A: Km (Michaelis–Menten constant) = The substrate concentration at which the reaction velocity is half…
Q: We humans do not express an alpha-Galactosidase enzyme and therefore cannot break down stachyose but…
A: Stachyose is a tetrasaccharide made up of two , one and one . Stachyose can be represented as .Gal…
Q: The urea cycle can be summarized through the following reaction: O || H2N-C-OPO3™ + COO- T…
A: When amino acids are degraded in the tissue, they release ammonia. Ammonia is toxic to the cell so…
Q: Emanuel's body metabolizes caffeine at a rate of 14.4% per hour (so the amount of caffeine in…
A: Caffeine is a naturally occurring central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine is metabolized…
Q: Classify the monosaccharides. H. I =O H-C-OH CH₂OH H-C-OH H-C-OH D-erythrose CH₂OH C=O H-C-OH H…
A: there are four classes of biological macromolecules: nucleic acid, proteins, lipids and…
Q: Page 17 Use the Michaelis-Menten equation to calculate the missing values of [S] given below if Vmax…
A: In order to find the different substrate concentrations, first we need to find the Km value. Given…
Q: The following is [Select] [Select] CH OH OH OH OH V glycosidic bond. CH₂OH О OH ОН disaccharide with…
A: Chemically carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. They have the general formula:…
Q: Which of the following are features of facilitated diffusion? There may be more than one correct…
A: Biological membranes are structures that surround the cell or organelle and act as barriers. An…
Q: Would you expect this molecule to spontaneously assemble into a liposome? Why or why not? CH2−O CH-O…
A: There are four classes of biological macromolecules- nucleic acid, proteins, lipids and…
Q: Would you expect any of the side chains in the peptide above to undergo hydrolysis? Select all that…
A: Hydrolysis is the cleavage of covalent bond by adding elements of water to it. A peptide is a short…
Q: Which of the following statements is WRONG with regard to the following molecule? HO 0² N OH NH₂ N…
A: The given compound is cAMP. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a second messenger, which is important…
Q: Two of the key carbonic anhydrases are in the muscles and in the lungs. What would you expect the…
A: The major difference between the carbonic anhydrases in muscles and lungs lies in their respective…
Q: ... 3: Ascorbic acid (shown below) has two chiral centres, which have been labelled. Assign the…
A: Configuration is the spatial arrangement of atoms or groups around a chiral center. A chiral center…
Q: Which of the processes are coupled to the dephosphorylation of ATP? membrane transport that…
A: The structure of ATP comprises of a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Transamination is a chemical reaction that transfers an amino group to a keto acid to form new amino acids. This pathway is responsible for the deamination of most amino acids. This pathway is one of the major degradation pathways that converts essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids (amino acids that can be synthesized de novo by the organism). Transamination reactions can be regarded as anaplerotic pathways because they are reversible reactions that can yield citric acid cycle intermediates. Cells containing amino acids in abundance can convert them via transamination to needed intermediates. Being reversible, transaminations can be used either for amino acid synthesis or for replenishment of citric acid cycle intermediates, depending on the needs of the cell. Corresponding pairs of reactants (amino acids) and products (intermediates) are called transamination pairs. Identify the transamination pairs among the following species. Drag the appropriate species to their…A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized to acetylCoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to be further metabolized. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA cannot enter the citric acid cycle. Two coenzyme-requiring enzymes are needed to convert it to succinyl-CoA, a compound that can enter the citric acid cycle. Write the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions and include the names of the required coenzymes.Which of the following statements is TRUE about fatty acid biosynthesis? Group of answer choices: NADH is used as the reducing equivalent in the process. Malonyl ACP is the donor of the acetyl group. The product detaches from the fatty acid synthase complex when the chain length is usually 18 carbons. Oxaloacetate carries acetyl CoA to the cytosol.
- A buildup in the levels of acety-CoA would result in the inhibition of what reaction in beta-oxidation? The second oxidation reaction The first oxidation reaction The cleavage (thiolysis) step The hydrolysis stepFor each of the steps below, choose (A) if the step pertains to b-oxidation, (B) if the step pertains to fatty acid synthesis, or (C) if the step is common to both processes. ______ Acetyl CoA is produced as a product.______ Activation (the committed step of the process) requires ATP hydrolysis. ______ Accumulated acetyl CoA serves as a substrate.______ The length of fatty acid carbon chain is modified in the mitochondria. ______ ACP acts as the acyl carrier.How does oxaloacetate get to the cytoplasm (from mitochondria matrix) for gluconeogenesis? oxaloacetate is converted to malate and malate is transported to cytoplasm via transporter protein. oxaloacetate gets to cytoplasm by diffusion. oxaloacetate is converted to Acetyl-CoA and Acetyl-CoA is transported to cytoplasm via transporter protein.
- Which of the following is true regarding the oxidation of 1 molecule of palmitate to 8 molecules of acetyl CoA by the beta-oxidation pathway? 7 molecules of FADH2 are formed None of the above 8 molecules of FADH2 are formed 8 molecules of NADH are formed BOTH 8 molecules of NADH are formed AND 8 molecules of FADH2 are formedBelow is an image of the Krebs cycle: acetyl-CoA oxaloacetate COASH H20 NADH NAD* H20 malate citrate fumarate isocitrate FADH2 NAD* CO2 FAD АТР NADH + ADP succinate GTP NAD+ a-ketoglutarate H20 GDP NADH + CO2 COASH succinyl CoA COASH Consider the conversion of succinate to fumarate, which is coupled with the production the electron carrier FADH2. If this reaction was NOT coupled with the production of FADH2 (and only catalyzed the conversion of succinate to fumarate), how would this impact ATP production through cell respiration? OATP production would stop because no high energy electron carriers would be produced ATP production would still occur, but there would be a much lower ATP yield because a large number of electron carriers are no longer being made ATP production would stop because without FADH2 we will no longer have electrons moving through the electron transport chain ATP production would still occur, but there would be a slightly lower ATP yield because a small number of…Which of the following statements is TRUE about cholesterol biosynthesis? Group of answer choices HMG-CoA lyase catalyzes the committed step. Cholesterol is composed of 30 carbon atoms. NADH is needed to form mevalonate. Six molecules of isopentyl pyrophosphate condense to form squalene.
- In order to break the carbon-carbon bond of Acetyl-CoA in a way that does not harm the cell, citrate is produced in the TCA cycle. Explain how switching between 6-carbon, 5-carbon and 4-carbon metabolites eventually allows the two carbons of Acetyl-CoA to be converted to CO2 in a way that does not harm the cell.The citric acid cycle is shown. The methyl carbon in acetyl CoA is labeled with C14C14 (shown in red). Identify which of the carbons in each intermediate will be labeled in the first round of the cycle by selecting the indicated carbon(s). Each question has multiple options, answering with only one option is incorrect. Which carbon(s) in α‑ketoglutarate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 5 Which carbon(s) in succinyl‑CoA will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in succinate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in fumarate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in malate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in oxaloacetate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4The citric acid cycle is shown. The methyl carbon in acetyl CoA is labeled with C14C14 (shown in red). Identify which of the carbons in each intermediate will be labeled in the first round of the cycle by selecting the indicated carbon(s). Each question has multiple options, please choose more than one. Which carbon(s) in α‑ketoglutarate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 5 Which carbon(s) in succinyl‑CoA will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in succinate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in fumarate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in malate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4 Which carbon(s) in oxaloacetate will contain C14? 1 2 3 4