5-bromoacetylsalicylic acid melts at 60 °C and is inert and almost insoluble in water at room temperature. Why can't water be used as recrystallizing solvent for this compound?
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- TRUE OR FALSE: 1. Solids such as naphthalene when heated will pass thru a process called condensation prior to sublimation when being purified. 2.If water and n-propyl alcohol were mixed, the separation of individual components is possible with steam distillation because these two have a wide range of boiling point difference. 3. When an impurity in the synthesized camphor such as sodium chloride is present, the sublimation technique cannot be used to purify the camphor due to the nature of NaCl. 4. Organic solvents such as hexane or ether are an excellent medium to recrystallize an impure benzoic acid 5. In caffeine extraction, it is important that the tannic acid component of coffee be converted to its free acid state to avoid any interference with the extraction of caffeineWhat is the main drawback of using steam distillation in the isolation of volatile oils from its matrix?19. A liquefied mixture of n-butane, n-pentane, and n-hexane has the following composition: n-C,H10 50%, n-C,H12 30%, and n-C,H14 20%. For this mixture, calculate: a) The weight fraction of each component. b) The mole fraction of each component. c) The mole percent of each component. d) The average molecular weight of the mixture.
- How the concept of vapor pressures would differ between simple distillation and steam distillation and how this applies to the latter. Taking the extraction of essential oils as an example, why would the use of chlorinated organic solvents such as dichloromethane be useful their extraction over other organic solvents?Why was n-octanol chosen as a surrogate for natural organic phases? Why notanother solvent such as n-hexane, methylbenzene, trichloromethane, or diethylether?Why is the use of any organic solvent as general surrogate of a natural organicphase somewhat questionable?1. Cite one factor that affects percent yield during recrystalization. 2. Discuss the importance of solvent-solvent partition in separating mixtures.
- 1. Explain the importance of using a thermometer in the simple distillation setup. 2. Enumerate the characteristics of a substance for it to be separated from the heterogeneous mixture by steam distillation. 3. How does steam facilitate the distillation of essential oils? 4. Discuss some applications of simple distillation and steam distillation. Explain why you can use each method for the chosen application. 5. What is the most dominant intermolecular forces of attraction that exist between: a. water and limonene, the major monoterpene component of lemon essential oil? b. water and constituent ions of sodium chloride? 6. Based on your answers in number 5, which pair (water-limonene or water-sodium chloride) exhibits a stronger attraction between their molecules/ions? 7. Describe what happens during the salting-out process in terms of the intermolecular forces of attraction involved as mentioned in your previous answers.TRUE OR FALSE, if false then give the correct word to make the statement true then explain 1. Sublimation occurs when a solid has a relatively high vapor pressure at a temperature [above] its melting point. 2. To isolate the desired chemical, a single extraction is [more efficient] than extracting the compound numerous times. 3. The compounds are separated in liquid-liquid extraction based on their relative solubilities in two [immiscible] liquids.Thin layer chromatography : When placed on a plate, the silica gel has a polar surface. Explain why. What intermolecular forces can form between the silica and the reference molecules? Name them.
- Write all the steps of recrystallization of impure naphthalene from methanol. How to identify thepurify of naphthalene if the melting point of pure naphthalene is 80-81 °C. What you should do ifthe crystals do not form?You were given a mixture of two miscible solvent A and B that you are tasked to separate. You know that solvent A has a boiling point of 49 oC while solvent B has a boiling point of 174 oC. Which of the listed method would overall be the most efficient? Fractional distillation Recrystallization Solid-liquid extraction Liquid-liquid extraction Simple distillation Acid-Base extractionWhen isolating the solid after recrystallization using vacuum filtration what solvent should you use to aid in the rinse from the Erlenmeyer flask to the vacuum filter funnel? (Only pick one answer) Group of answer choices: Cold ethyl acetate Cold ethanol Hot ethyl acetate Hot ethanol Hot water Cold water None of the above, it should not be risned