1. Explain detail about Reciprocating compressor Working principle of Reciprocating compressor i) ii) Advantages iii) Disadvantages
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compressor
the compressor is a device that is used to increase the pressure of air from low pressure to high pressure
by using some external energy.
Application
For filling the air in the tube of
vehicles
In the automobile service station
to clean vehicles
Reciprocating compressor
In a reciprocating compressor, a volume of air is drawn into a cylinder, it is trapped and compressed
by the piston and then discharged into the discharge line. The cylinder valves control the flow of air through the
cylinder
Single – Acting compressor
It is a compressor that has one discharge per
the revolution of the crankshaft.
Double – Acting Compressor
It is a compressor that completes two discharge
strokes per revolution of the crankshaft. Most heavy-duty compressors are double-acting.
Assumptions
The working fluid is assumed as a perfect gas and P-V-T can be calculated by using the simple equation of state.
Usually, these assumptions are used to calculate estimate pressure, P, volume, V, and temperature, T, of
the working fluid.
working principle
compressor without clearance volume
d – a:
The induction stroke
The intake valve opens, while the exhaust valve closed.
Atmospheric air is drawn into the cylinder at constant
pressure p1 and temperature T1. Ideally, there is no
heat loss to the surrounding from the air.
a – b:
The compression stroke Both intake and exhaust valves closed. The air is
compressed according to a polytropic law =constant. Its pressure is increased from p1 to p2. The
temperature is also increased from T1 to T2.
b – c:
The delivery stroke
The intake valve closed while the exhaust valve opens.
The compressed air is pushed out of the cylinder at
constant pressure p2 and temperature T2. There is no
heat loss from the air to the surroundings.
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