Glass 100- Sand (K) 0 Labor(L) 100 0 Concrete 0 0 Labor(L) 100 Sand (K) 100 Suppose that the Italian economy produces two goods: Glass and Concrete. Both goods are produced using Workers (L) and Sand (K). The graphs below show allocations of L. and K to the two industries. Solid Orange curves represent Glass isoquants, while dotted Blue curves represent Concrete isoquants. A) Sketch the production contract curve for this economy. Explain what this represents in words. B) Draw an approximation of the production possibilities frontier for this economy. Explain any curvature or kinks (or lack thereof).
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- Consider an economy that produces two goods , X and Y. Use a production box diagram to construct the production possibility frontier for these two goods. Also indicate the optimal consumption point and price ratio that will prevail. Suppose now that technical progress causes the X isoquants to shift towards the origin. How will this affect the production possibility frontier, the optimal consumption point and equilibrium price ratio for X and YSuppose two economies Home (H) and Foreign (F) produce two goods, bread and wine, with only one production factor: labour. Production technology, expressed as marginal product of labour (MPL), is given in the following table: Technologies expressed as MPL Bread Wine Home 1/6 1/12 Foreign 1/4 1/2 Suppose that Home has 2400 units of labour and Foreign has 1800 units of labour. a. ) Derive the Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) and the Consumption Possibility Frontier (CPF) for Home and Foreign, with bread on the horizontal axis and wine on the vertical axis. What is the autarky equilibrium price of bred relative to wine in each country? b.) What country has the absolute advantage in producing each good? What country has the comparative advantage in producing each good? Briefly explain the difference between these two concepts. Suppose both countries are now free to trade. The world relative price of bread is 1. c. What is the pattern of specialisation and trade?…b) There are two firms in the economy. Each firm employs positive amounts of capital and labour. The technology satisfies diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution of labour for capital. Currently, A’s marginal rate of technical substitution of labour for capital is 4 while B’s marginal rate of technical substitution of labour for capital is 2. Is the current production of the two firms efficient? If not, describe an exchange of inputs that would improve efficiency. Can these production levels of the two firms be observed in a perfectly competitive equilibrium of a production and exchange economy? Explain c) State the first theorem of welfare economics of a production and exchange economy. Which conditions must be satisfied for the Pareto efficiency of an allocation of a production and exchange economy (assuming that all goods are used, produced and consumed in strictly positive quantities)? Discuss and explain
- Class Activity •Choice land has 250 workers and produces only two goods, X and Y. Labouris the only factor of production, but some workers are better suited to producing X than Y (and vice versa). The Table below shows the maximum levels of output of each good possible from various levels of labout input a)Draw the production possibilities boundary on a scale diagram, with the production of X on the horizontal axis and the production of Y on the vertical axis. b)If the economy is producing 20 units of X and 800 units of Y, what is the opportunity cost of producing an extra 10 units of XConsider Robinson Crusoe who lives alone on the island. He can produce two goods eggs (good X) and yoghurt (good Y). The only input to the production of these goods is his labour. He works 12 hours per day and sleeps for 12 hours - there is no time to play- this is a very grim economy... Let Lx denote the amount of time devoted to producing eggs (good X) and Ly denote the amount of time devoted to producing yoghurt (good Y). Eggs are produced using the production technology X = 5√Lx and yoghurt is produced using the production technology Y = 4Ly. His preferences for eggs and yoghurt are described by the indifference curves with marginal rate of substitution MRSxy = Y/X. a) What is the production possibility frontier (PPF) for this economy? Hint: find how much labour is required to produce x eggs and y yoghurts and then use the resource constraint that the total labour available is 12 hours. What is the slope of the PPF? Remember, it is called MRT.Suppose there exist two imaginary countries, Sequoia and Denall. Their labor forces are each capable of supplying four million hours per week that can be used to produce almonds, shorts, or some combination of the two. The following table shows the amount of almonds or shorts that can be produced by one hour of labor. Almonds Country (Pounds per hour of labor) Sequoia Denall Suppose that initially Denall uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce almonds and 3 million hours per week to produce shorts, while Sequoia uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce almonds and 1 million hours per week to produce shorts. As a result, Sequola produces 12 million pounds of almonds and 16 million pairs of shorts, and Denall produces 6 million pounds of almonds and 36 million pairs of shorts. Assume there are no other countries willing to engage in trade, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of almonds and shorts it produces.…
- Suppose there are two countries, Home and Foreign, that produce two goods, fish (F) and edamame (E), using only labor. In the Home country 6 units of labor are required to produce each unit of fish and the same for each unit of edamame. In the Foreign country, 2 units of labor is required to produce each fish and 3 units of labor are required for each unit of edamame. Each country has a labor force of 30 units available for production. Suppose further that consumers in both countries have identical Leontief preferences, utility function U(CF, CE) = min(CF, CE), meaning that they want to consume the two goods in a fixed proportion of one-to-one, i.e. CF = CE (there is no substitution between the goods). Suppose now that the labor force of the Home country is 6 times as big (i.e. 180 units, instead of 30). How does this increase in labor force at Home change the pattern of trade? Will the gains from trade for the Home country be higher or lower now? What happens to the welfare of the…Practice Question #1 The German economy produces two goods: Glass and Concrete. Both goods are producedusing Workers (L) and Sand (K). The graphs below show allocations of labor and capital to the two industries.Solid Orange curves represent Glass isoquants, while dotted Blue curves represent Concrete isoquants. A) Sketch the production contract curve for this economy. Explain what this represents in words. (5Points)B) Draw an approximation of the production possibilities frontier for this economy. Explain any curvatureor kinks (or lack thereof) (5 Points).Not a previously graded question. Suppose the fictional country of Katmai produces only two goods: millet and microprocessors. The following graph plots Katmai's current production possibilities frontier, and includes six different output combinations given by black points (plus symbols) labeled A to F. Complete the following table by indicating whether each point represents output combinations that are inefficient, efficient, or unattainable. Check all that apply.
- Suppose China can produce two goods, cloth and food and has three factors of production labor (L), capital (K) and Land (T for terrain). Food is produced using land and labor while cloth is produced using capital and labor, hence, labor is a mobile factor. Keeping in mind the Specific Factors Model, answer the following questions a) What are the production functions for cloth and food? b) Write down the wage equations for each sector and the slope of the production possibility frontier. c) Drive the production possibility frontier for China [hint 4 quarter diagram]An economy has 8 units of labor and 8 units of capital that are allocated between industry X, with the DRTS production function x = K^(1/4)L^(1/4), and industry Y, with the CRTS production function y = K^(1/2)L^(1/2). Derive and graph the Production Possibilities Frontier for this economy. All consumers believe X and Y are perfect complements with tastes U = min (Y, 2X). Calculate production levels that are consistent with tastes and show these in your diagram.The productive capability of an economy is such that to produce 5 units of military good it takes 2 workers to be employed while 10 units of consumer goods require 3 workers. Resources are limited in such a way that only 75 units of military good can be produced when all resources are employed. a) Construct the production possibility schedule and curve for this economy. b) Graphically represent what would happen if 12 additional workers were added to the economy. c) Graphically represent what would happen if the productivity of the workers were reduced to 2 units of military good and 5 units of consumer goods. d) Graphically represent what would happen if productivity for military goods remained the same but it now required 2 workers to produce 10 units of consumer goods