A toy factory Avengers can generate 50 (CO2) emissions without any regulation. The marginal control cost for Avengers, associated with emission reduction, is known MC=10+Q where Q is reduced units. Suppose that the regulator impose an emission standard on Avengers: According to the emission standard, the factory is allowed to emit 20 units. Avengers will clean up units of pollutant under the emission standard. The total control cost for Avengers in this command-and-control regulation is Hint: Type integers.
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- Gozilla Inc. can generate 100 (CO2) emissions without any regulation. The marginal control cost for Gozilla Inc., associated with emission reduction, is known MC=20+0.5Q where Q is reduced units. Suppose that the regulator impose an emission standard on Gozilla: According to the emission standard, the factory is allowed to emit 40 units. Gozilla Inc. will clean up regulation is units of pollutant under the emission standard. The total control cost for Gozilla Inc. in this command-and-control Hint: Type integers.There are two towns, A and B, each with a plant emitting pollution. The emission from plant Ais uniformly distributed across both town A and B. The emissions from plant B are local to town B. Despite the difference in affected area, the marginal benefit to either town of abating one unit of pollution from either source is the same, MB(Qi) = 17 − Qi per person, where Qi is total emissions abated from town i’s air. The marginal cost of abatement at plants A and B are MCA(qA) = 200qA and MCB(qB) = 100qB, respectively. If town A has 300 citizens and town B has 200, what is the efficient tax to set at each plant?A toy factory Avengers can generate 50 (CO2) emissions without any regulation. The marginal control cost for Avengers, associated with emission reduction, is known MC=10+Q where Q is reduced units. Suppose that the regulator impose an emission standard on Avengers: According to the emission standard, the factory is allowed to emit 20 units. The level of reduction in the emission standard could be accomplished through an emission charge (quantity tax or penalty fee per emission unit would generate the target amount of reduction. on emission). An emission charge of Total (tax) revenue the regulator will collect as emission charges would be . Hint: Type integers.
- The Upstream Nukem Co. uses a technology that produces pollutants as a by-product. The company dumps these pollutants into Radiant River. The only way that Nukem can reduce pollution is by cutting output. Nukem's profits, expressed as a function of the amount x (in tons) of pollutants per day, is IIN (x) = 80x - 5x² The pollution adversely affects the performance of Downstream Glowing Fisheries. Glowing's profit, as a function of the quantity of pollution, is given by IIG(x) = K - 5x² where K is a constant relating to all factors other than pollution. (i) If there are no restraints on pollution and no negotiations between the two companies, how much pollution will Nukem produce per day? x =. 10 8 ОС 4 2 (ii) What is the socially optimal quantity of pollution? x* = 1 5 со ст 3 O 2A polluting firm’s marginal abatement cost is MACi = 50 – 0.25ei . If a regulator imposes a per-unit emissions tax of t = 10, what level of emissions does the firm choose under the tax? A polluting firm’s marginal abatement cost is MACi = 50 – 0.25ei . If a regulator imposes a per-unit emissions tax of t = 10, how many units did the firm abate relative to the unregulated environment?Gozilla Inc. can generate 100 (CO2) emissions without any regulation. The marginal control cost for Gozilla Inc., associated with emission reduction, is known MC=20+0.5Q where Q is reduced units. Suppose that the regulator impose an emission standard on Gozilla: According to the emission standard, the factory is allowed to emit 40 units. The level of reduction in the emission standard could be accomplished through an emission charge (quantity tax or penalty fee on emission). An emission charge of per emission unit would generate the target amount of reduction. Total (tax) revenue the regulator will collect as emission charges would be Hint: Type integers. Do not use thousands separators.
- Consider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100 - e1 MAC2 = 100 - 4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. 1. In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit? Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Total unregulated level of emissions ______________ Suppose a regulator has a goal of reducing the total level of emissions from the amount from the amount you answered in [1] to 25 units. The regulator would like to achieve the goal of 25 units of total emissions in a cost-effective way. To do so it issues 25 permits, 10 are given to Firm 1 and 15 are given to Firm 2. A firm can only emit a unit of pollution if they have a permit for that unit, otherwise they must abate. After the permits are allocated,…There are two signatures. The profit function of firm j is: Zj = Zj + AEJ - B/2 * E2J Where all parameters are positive and EJ denotes the emissions of firm j. (i) If there is no regulation, what level of emissions will each firm choose?Suppose that Penn Products and Teller Industries are both emitting 30 metric tons of perfluorocarbons (PFCs) into the atmosphere. Regulators wish to reduce emissions to 40 metric tons overall, and plan to achieve this with a system of tradable permits. Penn’s marginal abatement costs are given by MACP = 5eP, where eP is the number of metric tons of emissions that Penn is cutting. Thus, the cost of cleaning up the first metric ton is $5, the second ton costs $10 to clean up, and so on. Teller’s marginal abatement costs are given by MACT = 7.5eT, where eT is the number of metric tons of emissions that Teller cuts. a. The lowest-cost way to reduce emissions is found when both firms’ marginal abatement costs are equalized. Equate Penn’s and Teller’s marginal abatement costs, and solve for eP in terms of eT. For each metric ton that Teller cuts, how many tons should Penn cut? b. Because 20 metric tons are to be cut, we know that eP + eT = 20. Use your…
- Consider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100 - e1 MAC2 = 100 - 4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. [1] In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit? Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Total unregulated level of emissions ______________Two coal-burning electric power plants are emitting mercury which impairs cognitive development in children. Plant A's marginal abatement cost is MCA= 1.2q and plant B's marginal abatement cost is MCB = 0.3q. Each firm initially emits 50 units and the EPA would like to reduce total emissions to 40. If the EPA follows a command-and-control policy and tells each firm to abate by the same amount, what will be the total costs? If firms could trade permits, what would happen to total costs? Why?Suppose the Ontario government has the following information: the emission reduction cost for an industry is estimated to be MAC = 500 – 2E and the estimated damage cost function is MD = 0.5E. What would be the optimal emission standard set by the government and what would be the total emission reduction costs for the industry to meet the standard? please include a graph