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- Oxidize the following carboxylic acids using 1% KMnO4. Write the reaction and observation. a. Acetic b. Formic c. Lactic d. Benzoic e. Oxalic f. SuccinicComplete the table below with your observations (color/odor) and provide a chemical equation if there is any. II. A.ALDEHYDES AND KETONES Formaldehyde Benzaldehyde Acetone Chemical Formula SOLUBILITY Reaction with 2,4 DNPH Oxidation with Tollen’s reagent Reaction with Fehlings reagent Oxidation with KMNO4 Reaction with Schiff’s Reagent Give the composition and the active Ions of the following reagents Reagents Composition Active ion Tollen’s Fehling’s A Fehling’s B Schiff’s reagent KMnO41. What type of reaction explains the solubility of phenol in Sodium Hydroxide? Explain the organic product formed 2. How do the reactions of phenol samples with FeCl3 compare? Which structural component of the phenols account for the observation? 3. What compound is the precipitate formed in the Bromine water test? 4. Write the reaction formed in the formation of phenolphthalein. Identify the functional group in phenolphthalein , which is responsible for the indicator property. 5. What is the significance of Millon's test?
- D. OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS1. Place 1 mL of each of the following alcohols in separate clean test tubes: ethanol,benzyl alcohol and ethylene glycol.2. To each alcohol sample, add 2 mL of acidified potassium dichromate solution.Mix by shaking gently and observe any changes. Warm gently if necessary to startthe reaction.Record results in the table below.Alcohol Color changes observed Ethyl AlcoholBenzyl AlcoholGlycerol Equations for the oxidation of each alcohol:a. _________________________________________________________________b. _________________________________________________________________c. _________________________________________________________________E. FORMATION OF ESTERS1. To 2 mL of ethyl alcohol, add 1 mL of glacial acetic acid and 2 drops ofconcentrated sulfuric acid (CAUTION). Warm gently, then pour into a beakercontaining 20 mL of ice water previously made alkaline with sodium carbonatesolution. Stir well and note the…Which of the following statements is true22. Chlorination of benzene occurs even if the reagent AICl3 is missing. 23. The mobile phase used in determining the Rf of the iodinated aspirin is 5% ethyl acetate in acetic acid. 24. The aldehydic hydrogen forms a hydrogen bond with water effectively. 25. Picric acid, being a phenolic compound, tests positive for the FeCla test.Cinnamon is made up of a mixture of many compounds. Cinnamaldehyde is the component responsible for cinnamon flavor. Several of these compounds are also a potent antimicrobial compounds present in essential oils. The following results were obtained for known concentrations of three of the compounds. Concentration (mg sample/200 uL) Cinnamaldehyde Eugenol Thymol 0.50 0.4 0.65 1.8 0.75 1.0 0.8 1.10 1.2 1.25 2.0 1.30 3.0 1.50 1.5 1.90 3.1 2.0 4.6 2.50 4.0 5.8 Determine the calibration curve equations for each component including regression. which component has the highest calibration sensitivity? A sample containing the three essential oils in part b gave the peak areas relative to the internal standard of cinnamaldehyde 2.6, eugenol 0.9 and thymol 3.8. Determine the concentration of each of the oils in the sample and the standard deviations.
- 3. When aspirin is made from acetic acid, the by product is H₂O; when acetic anhydride is used, the by-product is acetic acid. When acetyl chloride is used (see above), the by product is HCl. Which route should you use if you were working for Leica, a company that mass produces aspirin on a daily basis? Why?What is the theoretical yield and limiting reagent for the reaction of benzophenone with sodium borohydride to form diphenyl methanol as described in the experiment provided if you begin with 1.75g of benzophenone in 25 mL of 95% ethanol and add 0.75 g of sodium borohydride portion wise over 45 minutes?Explain why effervescence is produced for some basic compounds when made to react with carboxylic acid.
- Write the equations to show how isobutyric acid could be converted to each of the following using needed reagentsa. magnesium isobutyrateb. isobutyryl chloridec. isobutyl alcohold. ethyl isobutyratee. isobutyramide20. Some alcohols undergo rearrangement or other unwanted side reactions when they dehydrate in acid. Alcohols may be dehydrated under mildly basic conditions using phosphorus oxychloride (POCI3) in pyridine. The alcohol reacts with phosphorus oxychloride much like it reacts with tosyl chloride, displacing a chloride ion from phosphorus to give an alkyl dichlorophosphate ester. The dichlorophosphate group is an outstanding leaving group. Pyridine reacts as a base with the dichlorophosphate ester to give an E2 elimination. Propose a reasonable mechanism for the dehydration of 2- methylcyclohexanol by POCl 3 in pyridine.GRYH3CIVMw5TIcrq7vnq/w/wiewform?edit_requested3true#settings can be obtained by using 17. The preparation of Benzenesulphonic from benzene by reacting it with oleum. phenols phenyl alanine Sulfobenzene 18. The reaction of the carboxylic acid with an alcohol and an acid catalyst leads to the formation of ester (along with water), is called O Halogenation Haloform reaction Fischer esterification. 19 are highly inflammable and they form extremely explosive mixtures with air giving CO2 and water. " Esters Ethers 47 Amides